优化提交预检、废卡按钮置灰与等待超时提示

app/electron.vite.config.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 import { resolve } from 'path'
+import { readFileSync } from 'fs'
 import { defineConfig, externalizeDepsPlugin } from 'electron-vite'
 import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
+import VueI18nPlugin from '@intlify/unplugin-vue-i18n/vite'
+
+const pkg = JSON.parse(readFileSync(resolve('package.json'), 'utf-8')) as { version: string }
 
 const sharedAlias = { '@shared': resolve('src/shared') }
 
@@ -19,6 +23,17 @@ export default defineConfig({
         ...sharedAlias
       }
     },
-    plugins: [vue()]
+    define: {
+      __APP_VERSION__: JSON.stringify(pkg.version)
+    },
+    plugins: [
+      vue(),
+      // 构建时预编译多语言消息 + 使用 vue-i18n runtime 构建，
+      // 避免运行时 new Function() 编译消息（会被 CSP script-src 'self' 拦截导致白屏）
+      VueI18nPlugin({
+        include: [resolve('src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/**')],
+        runtimeOnly: true
+      })
+    ]
   }
 })

app/package.json

@@ -17,12 +17,15 @@
     "predist:zip": "node scripts/check-native-dlls.js && node scripts/clean-release-artifacts.js",
     "dist": "electron-vite build && electron-builder",
     "dist:dir": "electron-vite build && electron-builder --dir",
-    "dist:zip": "electron-vite build && electron-builder --win zip"
+    "dist:zip": "electron-vite build && electron-builder --win zip",
+    "prerelease": "node scripts/check-native-dlls.js && node scripts/clean-release-artifacts.js",
+    "release": "electron-vite build && electron-builder --win nsis"
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "electron-log": "^5.1.2",
     "electron-store": "^8.1.0",
-    "koffi": "^2.9.0"
+    "koffi": "^2.9.0",
+    "vue-i18n": "^9.14.4"
   },
   "build": {
     "appId": "com.cardsoon.machine",
@@ -70,6 +73,11 @@
       ],
       "signAndEditExecutable": false
     },
+    "nsis": {
+      "oneClick": false,
+      "allowToChangeInstallationDirectory": true,
+      "perMachine": false
+    },
     "mac": {
       "target": [
         "dmg"
@@ -82,6 +90,7 @@
     }
   },
   "devDependencies": {
+    "@intlify/unplugin-vue-i18n": "^1.6.0",
     "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "^4.6.2",
     "electron": "20.3.12",
     "electron-builder": "^24.13.3",

app/src/main/index.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { app, BrowserWindow, dialog, globalShortcut, screen } from 'electron'
+import { app, BrowserWindow, dialog, globalShortcut } from 'electron'
 import { join } from 'path'
 
 app.commandLine.appendSwitch('disable-gpu-shader-disk-cache')
@@ -14,10 +14,12 @@ if (!gotSingleInstanceLock) {
   app.quit()
 }
 
+import { ensureConsoleUtf8 } from './utils/ensure-console-utf8'
 import { suppressKnownDllStderr } from './utils/suppress-dll-stderr'
 import { loadAppFileConfig, applyFileConfigToStore } from './services/app-config'
 import { migrateTraceConfig, setTraceWebContents } from './utils/trace-bridge'
 
+ensureConsoleUtf8()
 suppressKnownDllStderr()
 
 process.on('uncaughtException', (err) => {
@@ -41,24 +43,12 @@ function focusMainWindow(): void {
   mainWindow.focus()
 }
 
-function getDefaultWindowSize(): { width: number; height: number } {
-  const { width: sw, height: sh } = screen.getPrimaryDisplay().workAreaSize
-  let w = Math.max(1280, Math.min(Math.floor(sw * 0.85), 1600))
-  let h = contentHeightForWidth(w)
-  const maxH = Math.floor(sh * 0.85)
-  if (h > maxH) {
-    h = Math.max(contentHeightForWidth(MIN_CONTENT_WIDTH), maxH)
-    w = Math.round((h * DESIGN_WIDTH) / DESIGN_HEIGHT)
-  }
-  return { width: w, height: h }
-}
-
 function createWindow(): void {
-  const { width, height } = getDefaultWindowSize()
+  // 目标设备屏幕为 720x360，窗口默认 1:1 显示设计稿大小
   mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
     useContentSize: true,
-    width,
-    height,
+    width: DESIGN_WIDTH,
+    height: DESIGN_HEIGHT,
     minWidth: MIN_CONTENT_WIDTH,
     minHeight: contentHeightForWidth(MIN_CONTENT_WIDTH),
     show: false,
@@ -94,6 +84,8 @@ function createWindow(): void {
 
   mainWindow.on('resize', () => {
     if (!mainWindow) return
+    // 最大化时让窗口填满屏幕，不强制 2:1 内容比例
+    if (mainWindow.isMaximized()) return
     const [cw, ch] = mainWindow.getContentSize()
     const wantH = contentHeightForWidth(cw)
     if (Math.abs(ch - wantH) > 2) {
@@ -114,6 +106,20 @@ function createWindow(): void {
     )
   })
 
+  // 页面加载失败（dev server 未就绪 / 生产文件缺失）时记录并提示，避免静默白屏
+  mainWindow.webContents.on('did-fail-load', (_event, errorCode, errorDescription, validatedURL) => {
+    log.error('renderer did-fail-load', { errorCode, errorDescription, validatedURL })
+    if (errorCode !== -3) {
+      mainWindow?.webContents.executeJavaScript(
+        `document.getElementById('app').innerHTML = '<pre style="margin:16px;padding:16px;background:#fff5f5;border:1px solid #feb2b2;border-radius:8px;color:#c53030;font-size:13px;white-space:pre-wrap;">[main:did-fail-load] ${errorCode} ${errorDescription}\\n${validatedURL}</pre>'`
+      ).catch(() => undefined)
+    }
+  })
+
+  mainWindow.webContents.on('preload-error', (_event, preloadPath, error) => {
+    log.error('preload-error', { preloadPath, error: String(error) })
+  })
+
   if (process.env.ELECTRON_RENDERER_URL) {
     mainWindow.loadURL(process.env.ELECTRON_RENDERER_URL)
   } else {

app/src/main/ipc/register-handlers.ts

@@ -107,7 +107,9 @@ export function registerIpcHandlers(): void {
           ribbonType: cached?.ribbonType ?? '—',
           ribbonAmount: cached?.ribbonAmount ?? '—',
           statusText: parsed.statusText,
-          serialNo: cached?.serialNo ?? '—'
+          serialNo: cached?.serialNo ?? '—',
+          printerName: cached?.printerName ?? '—',
+          isSingleSide: cached?.isSingleSide ?? false
         }
         configStore.set('lastPrinterStatus', snapshot)
         return ok({ statusText: parsed.statusText, statusCode: code })
@@ -134,7 +136,12 @@ export function registerIpcHandlers(): void {
       assertReady()
       const dll = await loadDllModule()
       const code = dll.dllPrinterReset()
-      return code === CS_OK ? ok() : fail(code, '重置失败')
+      // 物理动作指令：负数为错误，0 或正数（状态/警告码）均视为指令已被打印机接受
+      if (code < 0) {
+        log.warn('SAPI_PrinterResetprinter returned non-OK code', code)
+        return fail(code, '重置失败')
+      }
+      return ok({ code })
     } catch (err) {
       return fail(CS_FAIL, String(err))
     }
@@ -146,7 +153,46 @@ export function registerIpcHandlers(): void {
       const dll = await loadDllModule()
       if (!dll.isRejectApiAvailable()) return fail(CS_FAIL, 'REJECT_API_UNAVAILABLE')
       const code = dll.dllPrinterReject()
-      return code === CS_OK ? ok() : fail(code, '废卡失败')
+      if (code < 0) {
+        log.warn('SAPI_PrinterMovetoreject returned non-OK code', code)
+        return fail(code, '废卡失败')
+      }
+      return ok({ code })
+    } catch (err) {
+      return fail(CS_FAIL, String(err))
+    }
+  })
+
+  // 读卡：移动卡片到读取区（SAPI_PrinterMovetousbreader）
+  tracedHandle('dll:printer-read-card', async () => {
+    try {
+      assertReady()
+      const dll = await loadDllModule()
+      if (!dll.isUsbReaderApiAvailable()) return fail(CS_FAIL, 'USB_READER_API_UNAVAILABLE')
+      const code = dll.dllPrinterMoveToUsbReader()
+      if (code < 0) {
+        log.warn('SAPI_PrinterMovetousbreader returned non-OK code', code)
+        return fail(code, '读卡失败')
+      }
+      return ok({ code })
+    } catch (err) {
+      return fail(CS_FAIL, String(err))
+    }
+  })
+
+  // 退卡：移动卡片到出卡区（SAPI_PrinterMovetohopper）
+  tracedHandle('dll:printer-eject-card', async () => {
+    try {
+      assertReady()
+      const dll = await loadDllModule()
+      if (!dll.isHopperApiAvailable()) return fail(CS_FAIL, 'HOPPER_API_UNAVAILABLE')
+      const code = dll.dllPrinterMoveToHopper()
+      if (code < 0) {
+        log.warn('SAPI_PrinterMovetohopper returned non-OK code', code)
+        return fail(code, '退卡失败')
+      }
+      // 卡已物理退出但返回正数状态码时，不再误报失败
+      return ok({ code })
     } catch (err) {
       return fail(CS_FAIL, String(err))
     }

app/src/main/services/open-design-app.ts

@@ -23,7 +23,9 @@ export async function openDesignApp(
   const target = path.resolve(exePath.trim())
   const err = await shell.openPath(target)
   if (err) {
-    return { ok: false, message: err }
+    // 用户在 UAC/系统弹窗中点击"否"或被系统拒绝时，shell.openPath 返回通用错误字符串
+    // 不把原始 "Failed to Open Path" 直接抛给用户，给出可读说明
+    return { ok: false, message: '打开设计软件失败，可能已被取消或需要管理员权限' }
   }
   return { ok: true }
 }

app/src/main/services/poll-manager.ts

@@ -80,6 +80,15 @@ export function startJobPoll(id: string): void {
         const cancelled = r.jobState === 6
         const finished = r.jobState === 100
         const terminal = failed || cancelled
+        // 失败当刻立即取打印机错误串（与 USB 收集轮询对齐），避免渲染层事后取到通用/过期文案
+        let errorMessage = ''
+        if (failed) {
+          try {
+            errorMessage = dll.dllGetPrinterErrorStr(-1) || ''
+          } catch (e) {
+            log.warn('GetPrinterErrorStr on job failed failed', e)
+          }
+        }
         const tick = {
           jobId,
           queryErrorCode: r.queryErrorCode,
@@ -88,7 +97,8 @@ export function startJobPoll(id: string): void {
           terminal,
           failed,
           cancelled,
-          finished
+          finished,
+          errorMessage
         }
         emitTrace('[poll] job:poll-tick', tick)
         send('job:poll-tick', tick)

app/src/main/services/work-dll.service.ts

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ let SAPI_Init: any = null
 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
 let SAPI_GetPrinterInfo: any = null
 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+let SAPI_FreePrinterInfo: any = null
+// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
 let SAPI_GetPrinterErrorStr: any = null
 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
 let SAPI_RestJobEx: any = null
@@ -42,6 +44,8 @@ let SAPI_PrinterMovetoreject: any = null
 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
 let SAPI_PrinterMovetousbreader: any = null
 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+let SAPI_PrinterMovetohopper: any = null
+// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
 let SAPI_GetPrinterCardPosition: any = null
 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
 let SAPI_PrinterCheckstatus: any = null
@@ -53,6 +57,7 @@ let hasCheckstatusApi = false
 let hasCancelApi = false
 let hasUploadApi = false
 let hasUsbReaderApi = false
+let hasHopperApi = false
 let loggedCancelMissing = false
 let loggedRejectMissing = false
 
@@ -77,6 +82,20 @@ function traceCall<T>(name: string, args: Record<string, unknown> | undefined, f
   }
 }
 
+function freePrinterInfoPtr(ptr: number): void {
+  if (!ptr) return
+  // DLL 堆分配的缓冲区必须用 DLL 导出的释放函数；koffi.free 会触发 STATUS_HEAP_CORRUPTION
+  if (SAPI_FreePrinterInfo) {
+    try {
+      SAPI_FreePrinterInfo(ptr)
+    } catch (e) {
+      log.warn('SAPI_FreePrinterInfo failed', e)
+    }
+    return
+  }
+  log.warn('SAPI_FreePrinterInfo unavailable; printer info buffer not freed')
+}
+
 function readPrinterJsonFromOutPtr(len: number, outPtr: Buffer): { code: number; json?: Record<string, unknown> } {
   if (len <= 0) return { code: len }
   const ptr = koffi.decode(outPtr, 0, 'void *') as number
@@ -90,7 +109,7 @@ function readPrinterJsonFromOutPtr(len: number, outPtr: Buffer): { code: number;
       return { code: len }
     }
   } finally {
-    koffi.free(ptr)
+    freePrinterInfoPtr(ptr)
   }
 }
 
@@ -110,6 +129,13 @@ function loadLibrary(): void {
   SAPI_GetUsbCopyState = lib.func('int __stdcall SAPI_GetUsbCopyState(_Out_ int *, _Out_ int *)')
   SAPI_PrinterResetprinter = lib.func('int __stdcall SAPI_PrinterResetprinter()')
 
+  try {
+    SAPI_FreePrinterInfo = lib.func('void __stdcall SAPI_FreePrinterInfo(void *)')
+  } catch {
+    SAPI_FreePrinterInfo = null
+    log.warn('SAPI_FreePrinterInfo not in workDll')
+  }
+
   try {
     SAPI_UploadFile = lib.func('int __stdcall SAPI_UploadFile(str, str, str)')
     hasUploadApi = true
@@ -151,6 +177,15 @@ function loadLibrary(): void {
     emitTrace('[dll] SAPI_PrinterMovetousbreader not in workDll (optional)')
   }
 
+  try {
+    SAPI_PrinterMovetohopper = lib.func('int __stdcall SAPI_PrinterMovetohopper()')
+    hasHopperApi = true
+  } catch {
+    SAPI_PrinterMovetohopper = null
+    hasHopperApi = false
+    emitTrace('[dll] SAPI_PrinterMovetohopper not in workDll (optional)')
+  }
+
   try {
     SAPI_GetPrinterCardPosition = lib.func('int __stdcall SAPI_GetPrinterCardPosition(_Out_ int *)')
     hasCardPositionApi = true
@@ -174,6 +209,7 @@ function loadLibrary(): void {
     cancel: hasCancelApi,
     reject: hasRejectApi,
     usbReader: hasUsbReaderApi,
+    hopper: hasHopperApi,
     cardPosition: hasCardPositionApi,
     checkstatus: hasCheckstatusApi
   })
@@ -199,6 +235,11 @@ export function isUsbReaderApiAvailable(): boolean {
   return hasUsbReaderApi
 }
 
+export function isHopperApiAvailable(): boolean {
+  loadLibrary()
+  return hasHopperApi
+}
+
 export function isCardPositionApiAvailable(): boolean {
   loadLibrary()
   return hasCardPositionApi
@@ -354,6 +395,14 @@ export function dllPrinterMoveToUsbReader(): number {
   })
 }
 
+export function dllPrinterMoveToHopper(): number {
+  return traceCall('SAPI_PrinterMovetohopper', undefined, () => {
+    loadLibrary()
+    if (!SAPI_PrinterMovetohopper) throw new Error('HOPPER_API_UNAVAILABLE')
+    return SAPI_PrinterMovetohopper() as number
+  })
+}
+
 export function dllPrinterReject(): number {
   return traceCall('SAPI_PrinterMovetoreject', undefined, () => {
     loadLibrary()

app/src/main/utils/ensure-console-utf8.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import koffi from 'koffi'
+
+/** Windows 控制台默认多为 GBK，DLL 日志为 UTF-8，会导致中文乱码。 */
+export function ensureConsoleUtf8(): void {
+  if (process.platform !== 'win32') return
+  try {
+    const kernel32 = koffi.load('kernel32.dll')
+    const SetConsoleOutputCP = kernel32.func('bool __stdcall SetConsoleOutputCP(uint32)')
+    const SetConsoleCP = kernel32.func('bool __stdcall SetConsoleCP(uint32)')
+    SetConsoleOutputCP(65001)
+    SetConsoleCP(65001)
+  } catch {
+    /* ignore: no console or API unavailable */
+  }
+  try {
+    if (process.stdout.setDefaultEncoding) process.stdout.setDefaultEncoding('utf8')
+    if (process.stderr.setDefaultEncoding) process.stderr.setDefaultEncoding('utf8')
+  } catch {
+    /* ignore */
+  }
+}

app/src/preload/index.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ const channels = {
     'dll:printer-status',
     'dll:printer-reset',
     'dll:printer-reject',
+    'dll:printer-read-card',
+    'dll:printer-eject-card',
     'dll:printer-error-str',
     'dll:job-create',
     'dll:job-cancel',

app/src/renderer/src/api/cardsoon.ts

@@ -34,6 +34,16 @@ export async function dllPrinterReject(): Promise<IpcResult> {
   return api().invoke('dll:printer-reject') as Promise<IpcResult>
 }
 
+/** 读卡：移动卡片到读取区（SAPI_PrinterMovetousbreader） */
+export async function dllPrinterReadCard(): Promise<IpcResult> {
+  return api().invoke('dll:printer-read-card') as Promise<IpcResult>
+}
+
+/** 退卡：移动卡片到出卡区（SAPI_PrinterMovetohopper） */
+export async function dllPrinterEjectCard(): Promise<IpcResult> {
+  return api().invoke('dll:printer-eject-card') as Promise<IpcResult>
+}
+
 export async function dllRejectAvailable(): Promise<IpcResult<{ available: boolean }>> {
   return api().invoke('dll:reject-available') as Promise<IpcResult<{ available: boolean }>>
 }

app/src/renderer/src/assets/icons/index.ts

@@ -13,7 +13,11 @@ export const ICON_NAMES = [
   'plus',
   'exchange',
   'stop',
-  'warning'
+  'warning',
+  'id-card',
+  'eject',
+  'eye',
+  'eye-slash'
 ] as const
 
 export type IconName = (typeof ICON_NAMES)[number]
@@ -34,5 +38,9 @@ export const ICON_FA_CLASS: Record<IconName, string> = {
   plus: 'fas fa-plus',
   exchange: 'fas fa-exchange-alt',
   stop: 'fas fa-stop',
-  warning: 'fas fa-exclamation-triangle'
+  warning: 'fas fa-exclamation-triangle',
+  'id-card': 'fas fa-id-card',
+  eject: 'fas fa-eject',
+  eye: 'fas fa-eye',
+  'eye-slash': 'fas fa-eye-slash'
 }

app/src/renderer/src/components/AppFooter.vue

@@ -1,7 +1,15 @@
 <template>
   <footer class="c-footer">
-    <div>版本V1.0</div>
-    <div>www.cardsoon.com</div>
-    <div>版权所有 © 2026 卡树科技</div>
+    <div class="c-footer__version">{{ t('footer.version', { version: appVersion }) }}</div>
+    <div>{{ t('footer.website') }}</div>
+    <div>{{ t('footer.copyright') }}</div>
   </footer>
 </template>
+
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
+const { t } = useI18n()
+
+// 构建时由 electron.vite.config.ts 从 package.json version 注入
+const appVersion = __APP_VERSION__
+</script>

app/src/renderer/src/components/AppHeader.vue

@@ -5,16 +5,24 @@
       <div class="c-header__center">
         <div v-if="mode" class="c-mode-badge c-mode-badge--home">{{ mode }}</div>
         <div class="c-status-capsule">
-          <span>色带: <b>{{ status.ribbonType }}</b></span>
-          <span>余量: <b>{{ status.ribbonAmount }}</b></span>
-          <span
-            >状态: <b :class="statusTone">{{ status.statusText }}</b></span
-          >
-          <span>序列号: <b>{{ status.serialNo }}</b></span>
+          <span>{{ t('header.ribbon') }}: <b>{{ status.ribbonType }}</b></span>
+          <span>{{ t('header.ribbonAmount') }}: <b>{{ status.ribbonAmount }}</b></span>
+          <span>{{ t('header.status') }}: <b :class="statusTone">{{ displayStatusText }}</b></span>
+          <span>{{ t('header.serialNo') }}: <b>{{ status.serialNo }}</b></span>
         </div>
       </div>
       <div class="c-header__actions-slot">
         <div class="c-header-actions">
+          <select
+            class="c-lang-select"
+            :value="currentLocale"
+            @change="onLocaleChange"
+            :title="t('common.select')"
+          >
+            <option v-for="opt in LOCALE_OPTIONS" :key="opt.value" :value="opt.value">
+              {{ opt.label }}
+            </option>
+          </select>
           <slot />
         </div>
       </div>
@@ -24,16 +32,64 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed } from 'vue'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { useConfigStore } from '@/stores/config'
+import { LOCALE_OPTIONS, persistLocale, type AppLocale } from '@/i18n'
 
 defineProps<{ mode?: string }>()
 
 const configStore = useConfigStore()
 const status = computed(() => configStore.printer)
+const { t, locale } = useI18n()
+
+const currentLocale = computed(() => locale.value)
+
+function onLocaleChange(e: Event): void {
+  const val = (e.target as HTMLSelectElement).value as AppLocale
+  locale.value = val
+  persistLocale(val)
+}
+
+// 打印机状态文本来自主进程（中文），在前端按已知值做多语言映射
+const PRINTER_STATUS_MAP: Record<string, string> = {
+  空闲: 'printerStatus.idle',
+  忙碌: 'printerStatus.busy',
+  正在打印: 'printerStatus.printing',
+  未连接打印机: 'printerStatus.notConnected',
+  未初始化: 'printerStatus.notInitialized',
+  初始化失败: 'printerStatus.initFailed',
+  就绪: 'printerStatus.ready'
+}
+
+const displayStatusText = computed(() => {
+  const raw = status.value.statusText
+  const key = PRINTER_STATUS_MAP[raw]
+  return key ? t(key) : raw
+})
 
 const statusTone = computed(() => {
-  const t = status.value.statusText
-  if (t.includes('未初始化') || t.includes('未连接') || t.includes('失败')) return 'c-status-warn'
-  return ''
+  const toneMap: Record<string, string> = {
+    [t('printerStatus.notInitialized')]: 'c-status-warn',
+    [t('printerStatus.notConnected')]: 'c-status-warn',
+    [t('printerStatus.initFailed')]: 'c-status-warn'
+  }
+  return toneMap[displayStatusText.value] || ''
 })
 </script>
+
+<style scoped>
+.c-lang-select {
+  height: 28px;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  border: 1px solid #dcdfe6;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  background: #fff;
+  color: #303133;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  padding: 0 6px;
+  outline: none;
+}
+.c-lang-select:hover {
+  border-color: #409eff;
+}
+</style>

app/src/renderer/src/components/NetworkPathDialog.vue

@@ -4,69 +4,69 @@
       <div v-if="visible" class="npd-mask" @mousedown.self="onCancel">
         <div class="npd-dialog" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="npd-title">
           <div class="npd-header">
-            <span id="npd-title" class="npd-title">添加网络位置</span>
-            <button type="button" class="npd-close" aria-label="关闭" @click="onCancel">×</button>
+            <span id="npd-title" class="npd-title">{{ t('networkDialog.title') }}</span>
+            <button type="button" class="npd-close" :aria-label="t('common.close')" @click="onCancel">×</button>
           </div>
           <div class="npd-body">
-            <p class="npd-hint">凭据用于访问已添加的映射盘或网络共享路径,请确认主机可访问且账号有效。</p>
+            <p class="npd-hint">{{ t('networkDialog.hint') }}</p>
 
             <label class="npd-field">
-              <span class="npd-label">主机(IP 或主机名)<span class="npd-req">*</span></span>
+              <span class="npd-label">{{ t('networkDialog.host') }}<span class="npd-req">*</span></span>
               <input
                 v-model.trim="host"
                 type="text"
                 class="c-input"
-                placeholder="例如 192.168.1.100 或 nas-server"
+                :placeholder="t('networkDialog.hostPlaceholder')"
                 :class="{ 'is-invalid': touched && !hostValid }"
                 @blur="touched = true"
               />
             </label>
 
             <label class="npd-field">
-              <span class="npd-label">共享名(可选)</span>
+              <span class="npd-label">{{ t('networkDialog.share') }}</span>
               <input
                 v-model.trim="share"
                 type="text"
                 class="c-input"
-                placeholder="例如 share,留空表示只挂载到根"
+                :placeholder="t('networkDialog.sharePlaceholder')"
               />
             </label>
 
             <label class="npd-field">
-              <span class="npd-label">用户名<span class="npd-req">*</span></span>
+              <span class="npd-label">{{ t('networkDialog.userName') }}<span class="npd-req">*</span></span>
               <input
                 v-model.trim="userName"
                 type="text"
                 class="c-input"
-                placeholder="例如 admin"
+                :placeholder="t('networkDialog.userNamePlaceholder')"
                 :class="{ 'is-invalid': touched && !userNameValid }"
                 @blur="touched = true"
               />
             </label>
 
             <label class="npd-field">
-              <span class="npd-label">密码<span class="npd-req">*</span></span>
+              <span class="npd-label">{{ t('networkDialog.password') }}<span class="npd-req">*</span></span>
               <input
                 v-model="password"
                 type="password"
                 class="c-input"
-                placeholder="请输入密码"
+                :placeholder="t('networkDialog.errPassword')"
                 :class="{ 'is-invalid': touched && !passwordValid }"
                 @blur="touched = true"
               />
             </label>
 
             <div v-if="previewUrl" class="npd-preview">
-              <span class="npd-preview-label">目标 UNC</span>
+              <span class="npd-preview-label">{{ t('networkDialog.targetUNC') }}</span>
               <code class="npd-preview-path">{{ previewUrl }}</code>
             </div>
 
             <p v-if="touched && errorText" class="npd-error">{{ errorText }}</p>
           </div>
           <div class="npd-footer">
-            <button type="button" class="c-button-cs" @click="onCancel">取消</button>
+            <button type="button" class="c-button-cs" @click="onCancel">{{ t('common.cancel') }}</button>
             <button type="button" class="c-button-cs npd-primary" :disabled="!canConfirm" @click="onConfirm">
-              确定
+              {{ t('common.confirm') }}
             </button>
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed, ref, watch } from 'vue'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { buildNetworkUrl } from '@shared/network-host'
 import { useNetworkAuthStore } from '@/stores/networkAuth'
 
@@ -92,6 +93,7 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
 }>()
 
 const netStore = useNetworkAuthStore()
+const { t } = useI18n()
 
 const host = ref('')
 const share = ref('')
@@ -109,9 +111,9 @@ const canConfirm = computed(() => hostValid.value && userNameValid.value && pass
 const previewUrl = computed(() => (hostValid.value ? buildNetworkUrl(host.value, share.value) : ''))
 
 const errorText = computed(() => {
-  if (!hostValid.value) return '主机名/IP 不合法'
-  if (!userNameValid.value) return '请输入用户名'
-  if (!passwordValid.value) return '请输入密码'
+  if (!hostValid.value) return t('networkDialog.errHostInvalid')
+  if (!userNameValid.value) return t('networkDialog.errUserName')
+  if (!passwordValid.value) return t('networkDialog.errPassword')
   return ''
 })
 

app/src/renderer/src/components/WorkflowSteps.vue

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed } from 'vue'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 
 const props = withDefaults(
   defineProps<{
@@ -23,20 +24,22 @@ const props = withDefaults(
   { activeStep: 2, mode: 'running', variant: 'distribute' }
 )
 
-const distributeSteps = [
-  { key: 'prep', label: '任务准备' },
-  { key: 'copy', label: '拷贝数据' },
-  { key: 'print', label: '打印卡片' },
-  { key: 'done', label: '完成' }
-] as const
+const { t } = useI18n()
 
-const collectSteps = [
-  { key: 'prep', label: '任务准备' },
-  { key: 'copy', label: '拷贝数据' },
-  { key: 'done', label: '完成' }
-] as const
+const distributeSteps = computed(() => [
+  { key: 'prep', label: t('workflow.taskPrep') },
+  { key: 'copy', label: t('workflow.copyData') },
+  { key: 'print', label: t('workflow.printCard') },
+  { key: 'done', label: t('workflow.complete') }
+])
 
-const steps = computed(() => (props.variant === 'collect' ? collectSteps : distributeSteps))
+const collectSteps = computed(() => [
+  { key: 'prep', label: t('workflow.taskPrep') },
+  { key: 'copy', label: t('workflow.copyData') },
+  { key: 'done', label: t('workflow.complete') }
+])
+
+const steps = computed(() => (props.variant === 'collect' ? collectSteps.value : distributeSteps.value))
 
 const failedStep = computed(() => props.failedStep ?? (props.mode === 'failed' ? 3 : -1))
 

app/src/renderer/src/composables/useAppBootstrap.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 import { onMounted } from 'vue'
+import i18n from '@/i18n'
 import { notify } from '@/composables/useNotify'
 import { refreshPrinterAfterInit } from '@/composables/usePrinterStatus'
 import { configGet, dllInit, dllRejectAvailable } from '@/api/cardsoon'
 import { useAppStore } from '@/stores/app'
 import { useConfigStore } from '@/stores/config'
 
+function t(key: string): string {
+  return i18n.global.t(key)
+}
+
 let bootstrapped = false
 
 function placeholderStatus(configStore: ReturnType<typeof useConfigStore>, text: string): void {
@@ -41,7 +46,7 @@ export function useAppBootstrap(): void {
     const cfg = await hydrateFromConfig()
     if (cfg.ok && cfg.data?.dllInitialized) {
       appStore.setInitialized(true)
-      placeholderStatus(configStore, '就绪')
+      placeholderStatus(configStore, t('printerStatus.ready'))
       await syncRejectApi()
       window.setTimeout(() => void refreshPrinterAfterInit(), 1500)
       return
@@ -51,16 +56,16 @@ export function useAppBootstrap(): void {
     configStore.setSharedDir(sharedDir)
     const init = await dllInit({ sharedDir })
     if (!init.ok) {
-      appStore.setInitialized(false, init.message || 'Init 失败')
-      configStore.setPrinter({ ...configStore.printer, statusText: '初始化失败' })
-      notify.error(init.message || '初始化失败，请检查任务目录权限')
+      appStore.setInitialized(false, init.message || t('printerStatus.initFailed'))
+      configStore.setPrinter({ ...configStore.printer, statusText: t('printerStatus.initFailed') })
+      notify.error(init.message || t('notify.initFailedHint'))
       return
     }
 
     appStore.setInitialized(true)
     const initMeta = init.data as { warning?: string } | undefined
     if (initMeta?.warning) notify.warning(initMeta.warning)
-    placeholderStatus(configStore, initMeta?.warning ? '未连接打印机' : '就绪')
+    placeholderStatus(configStore, initMeta?.warning ? t('printerStatus.notConnected') : t('printerStatus.ready'))
     await syncRejectApi()
     window.setTimeout(() => void refreshPrinterAfterInit(), 1500)
   }

app/src/renderer/src/composables/useNotify.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
+import i18n from '@/i18n'
 import { useToastStore, type ToastType } from '@/stores/toast'
 
+function t(key: string, named?: Record<string, unknown>): string {
+  return i18n.global.t(key, named ?? {})
+}
+
 function push(type: ToastType, message: string, durationMs = 4500): void {
   useToastStore().push(type, message, durationMs)
 }
@@ -11,9 +16,11 @@ export const notify = {
   info: (message: string, durationMs?: number) => push('info', message, durationMs)
 }
 
-const INIT_HINT = '系统未就绪，请重启应用或检查打印机与任务目录'
-
 /** 未初始化等业务拦截时的统一提示 */
 export function notifyRequireInit(action?: string): void {
-  notify.warning(action ? `系统未就绪，无法${action}` : INIT_HINT)
+  if (action) {
+    notify.warning(t('notify.notReadyAction', { action }))
+  } else {
+    notify.warning(t('notify.notReady'))
+  }
 }

app/src/renderer/src/composables/usePrinterStatus.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,28 @@
 import { dllPrinterInfo, dllPrinterStatus, parsePrinterInfo } from '@/api/cardsoon'
 import { useConfigStore } from '@/stores/config'
 
+/** 状态是否表示打印机未连接/不可用 */
+function isDisconnectedStatus(text: string): boolean {
+  return !text || text === '—' || text.includes('未连接') || text.includes('Not connected')
+}
+
+let prevStatusText = ''
+
 export async function refreshLiveStatus(): Promise<void> {
   const store = useConfigStore()
   try {
     const r = await dllPrinterStatus()
     if (r.ok && r.data?.statusText) {
-      store.setPrinter({ ...store.printer, statusText: r.data.statusText })
+      const newStatus = r.data.statusText
+      // 检测状态变化：从未连接 → 已连接时，立即刷新打印机信息（型号/isSingleSide等）
+      const wasDisconnected = isDisconnectedStatus(prevStatusText)
+      const nowConnected = !isDisconnectedStatus(newStatus)
+      store.setPrinter({ ...store.printer, statusText: newStatus })
+      if (wasDisconnected && nowConnected) {
+        // 打印机刚连上，立即拉取型号/色带等信息
+        void refreshPrinterInfo()
+      }
+      prevStatusText = newStatus
     }
   } catch {
     /* ignore */
@@ -26,7 +42,9 @@ export async function refreshPrinterInfo(): Promise<void> {
       ...store.printer,
       ribbonType: parsed.ribbonType,
       ribbonAmount: parsed.ribbonAmount,
-      serialNo: parsed.serialNo
+      serialNo: parsed.serialNo,
+      printerName: parsed.printerName,
+      isSingleSide: parsed.isSingleSide
     })
   } catch {
     /* ignore */

app/src/renderer/src/constants/selectOptions.ts

@@ -1,28 +1,40 @@
+import type { ComposerTranslation } from 'vue-i18n'
+
 export interface SelectOption {
   label: string
   value: string | number
 }
 
-export const COPY_TYPE_OPTIONS: SelectOption[] = [
-  { label: '文件拷贝', value: 0 },
-  { label: '镜像刻录', value: 1 }
-]
+type T = ComposerTranslation
 
-export const FORMAT_TYPE_OPTIONS: SelectOption[] = [
-  { label: '不格式化', value: 'none' },
-  { label: 'Fat32', value: 'fat32' },
-  { label: 'exFat', value: 'exfat' },
-  { label: 'NTFS', value: 'ntfs' }
-]
+export function copyTypeOptions(t: T): SelectOption[] {
+  return [
+    { label: t('copyType.fileCopy'), value: 0 },
+    { label: t('copyType.imageBurn'), value: 1 }
+  ]
+}
 
-export const PRIORITY_OPTIONS: SelectOption[] = [
-  { label: '低', value: 'low' },
-  { label: '中', value: 'mid' },
-  { label: '高', value: 'high' }
-]
+export function formatTypeOptions(t: T): SelectOption[] {
+  return [
+    { label: t('formatType.none'), value: 'none' },
+    { label: t('formatType.fat32'), value: 'fat32' },
+    { label: t('formatType.exfat'), value: 'exfat' },
+    { label: t('formatType.ntfs'), value: 'ntfs' }
+  ]
+}
 
-export const RIBBON_TYPE_OPTIONS: SelectOption[] = [
-  { label: '任何', value: 'any' },
-  { label: 'YMCKO', value: 'YMCKO' },
-  { label: 'YMCK', value: 'YMCK' }
-]
+export function priorityOptions(t: T): SelectOption[] {
+  return [
+    { label: t('common.low'), value: 'low' },
+    { label: t('common.mid'), value: 'mid' },
+    { label: t('common.high'), value: 'high' }
+  ]
+}
+
+export function ribbonTypeOptions(t: T): SelectOption[] {
+  return [
+    { label: t('common.any'), value: 'any' },
+    { label: 'YMCKO', value: 'YMCKO' },
+    { label: 'YMCK', value: 'YMCK' }
+  ]
+}

app/src/renderer/src/env.d.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ interface CardsoonApi {
 }
 
 declare global {
+  /** 构建时由 electron.vite.config.ts 从 package.json version 注入 */
+  const __APP_VERSION__: string
   interface Window {
     cardsoonApi: CardsoonApi
   }

app/src/renderer/src/i18n/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import { createI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
+import zhCN from './locales/zh-CN'
+import enUS from './locales/en-US'
+import zhTW from './locales/zh-TW'
+
+export type AppLocale = 'zh-CN' | 'en-US' | 'zh-TW'
+
+export const LOCALE_OPTIONS: { value: AppLocale; label: string }[] = [
+  { value: 'zh-CN', label: '中文' },
+  { value: 'en-US', label: 'English' },
+  { value: 'zh-TW', label: '繁體中文' }
+]
+
+const STORAGE_KEY = 'app-locale'
+
+function detectInitialLocale(): AppLocale {
+  try {
+    const saved = localStorage.getItem(STORAGE_KEY) as AppLocale | null
+    if (saved && LOCALE_OPTIONS.some((o) => o.value === saved)) return saved
+  } catch {
+    /* localStorage may be unavailable */
+  }
+  return 'zh-CN'
+}
+
+export function persistLocale(locale: AppLocale): void {
+  try {
+    localStorage.setItem(STORAGE_KEY, locale)
+  } catch {
+    /* ignore */
+  }
+}
+
+const i18n = createI18n({
+  legacy: false,
+  locale: detectInitialLocale(),
+  fallbackLocale: 'zh-CN',
+  messages: {
+    'zh-CN': zhCN,
+    'en-US': enUS,
+    'zh-TW': zhTW
+  }
+})
+
+export default i18n

app/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/en-US.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+export default {
+  common: {
+    cancel: 'Cancel',
+    confirm: 'OK',
+    close: 'Close',
+    addPath: 'Add Path',
+    clear: 'Clear',
+    submit: 'Submit',
+    home: 'Home',
+    stop: 'Stop',
+    back: 'Back',
+    reset: 'Reset',
+    select: 'Select',
+    resetPrinter: 'Reset Printer',
+    discardCard: 'Discard Card',
+    templateDesign: 'Template Design',
+    low: 'Low',
+    mid: 'Medium',
+    high: 'High',
+    any: 'Any'
+  },
+  header: {
+    modeHome: 'CardSoon Data Card Printer',
+    modeDistribute: 'Data Distribution Mode',
+    modeCollect: 'Data Collection Mode',
+    ribbon: 'Ribbon',
+    ribbonAmount: 'Remaining',
+    status: 'Status',
+    serialNo: 'Serial No.'
+  },
+  footer: {
+    version: 'Version v{version}',
+    website: 'www.cardsoon.com',
+    copyright: 'Copyright © 2026 CardSoon Technology'
+  },
+  home: {
+    toolsTitle: 'Tools',
+    tasksTitle: 'Tasks',
+    readCard: 'Read',
+    ejectCard: 'Eject',
+    dataDistribute: 'Data Distribution',
+    dataDistributeDesc: 'Distribute data onto cards',
+    dataCollect: 'Data Collection',
+    dataCollectDesc: 'Collect data from cards'
+  },
+  distributeConfig: {
+    pathConfig: 'Path Configuration',
+    addNetworkLocation: 'Add Network Location',
+    pathHint: 'The system will copy all items under this directory, excluding the folder itself',
+    netCredConfigured: 'Network credentials configured: {hosts}',
+    volumeLabel: 'Volume Label',
+    copyType: 'Copy Type',
+    formatType: 'Format Type',
+    dongle: 'Dongle',
+    dongleHint: '(101 = unlimited)',
+    dongleAuthLabel: 'Auth Code',
+    donglePassword: 'Enter authorization code',
+    showAuth: 'Show auth code',
+    hideAuth: 'Hide auth code',
+    templatePreview: 'Label Preview',
+    addLabel: 'Add Label',
+    removeLabel: 'Remove',
+    templateRemoved: 'Label removed',
+    doubleSide: 'Double-sided',
+    singleSideHint: 'Single-side printer detected, please select a side (front or back)',
+    frontSide: 'Front',
+    backSide: 'Back',
+    imageFieldNotSelected: 'No image selected',
+    templateLoaded: 'Label template loaded',
+    templateNoPreview: 'Template opened, but no previewable content found',
+    cleared: 'Cleared, restored to initial state',
+    netCredSaved: 'Network credentials saved',
+    loadProgress: 'Loaded: {loaded} GB / {total} GB ({percent}%)',
+    calculating: 'Calculating…',
+    sizeUnknown: 'Size unknown',
+    pathInvalid: 'Invalid path',
+    pathReady: '{size} · Pending copy',
+    pathPattern: '{dir}\\*.*'
+  },
+  copyType: {
+    fileCopy: 'File Copy',
+    imageBurn: 'Image Burn'
+  },
+  formatType: {
+    none: 'No Format',
+    fat32: 'Fat32',
+    exfat: 'exFat',
+    ntfs: 'NTFS'
+  },
+  dataCollect: {
+    importPath: 'Data Import Path',
+    cardOutput: 'Card Output Direction',
+    forwardOutput: 'Forward Output',
+    backwardOutput: 'Backward Output',
+    noDirSelected: 'No directory selected'
+  },
+  running: {
+    taskFailed: 'Task Failed',
+    taskCompleted: 'Task Completed',
+    collectCompleted: 'Collection Completed',
+    dataCollecting: 'Collecting Data',
+    taskRunning: 'Task Running',
+    waitingCard: 'Waiting for Card',
+    failedSubCollect: 'Please check the reader and card, insert a backup card to retry',
+    failedSubDistribute: 'Please check device issues, insert a backup card to retry',
+    completedSubCollect: 'Click Back, or insert a backup card to continue',
+    completedSubDistribute: 'Click Back, or insert a backup card to start next',
+    collectingHint: 'Reading from card and writing to import directory',
+    waitCardHint: 'Please insert a data card, the task will run automatically',
+    runningHint: 'Task in progress, please wait',
+    progressCounter: 'Task completed {success} times, with {fail} failures.'
+  },
+  networkDialog: {
+    title: 'Add Network Location',
+    hint: 'Credentials are used to access mapped drives or network shares. Please confirm the host is accessible and the account is valid.',
+    host: 'Host (IP or Hostname)',
+    share: 'Share Name (optional)',
+    userName: 'Username',
+    password: 'Password',
+    targetUNC: 'Target UNC',
+    hostPlaceholder: 'e.g. 192.168.1.100 or nas-server',
+    sharePlaceholder: 'e.g. share, leave empty to mount root only',
+    userNamePlaceholder: 'e.g. admin',
+    errHostInvalid: 'Invalid hostname/IP',
+    errUserName: 'Please enter username',
+    errPassword: 'Please enter password'
+  },
+  workflow: {
+    taskPrep: 'Task Preparation',
+    copyData: 'Copy Data',
+    printCard: 'Print Card',
+    complete: 'Complete'
+  },
+  notify: {
+    resetSent: 'Reset command sent',
+    resetFailed: 'Reset failed',
+    rejectUnavailable: 'Discard card API not supported in current environment',
+    cardRejected: 'Card discarded',
+    readCardSent: 'Card moved to reader',
+    readCardFailed: 'Read card failed',
+    ejectCardSent: 'Card ejected to outlet',
+    ejectCardFailed: 'Eject card failed',
+    operationFailed: 'Operation failed',
+    designStarted: 'Design app started',
+    designFailed: 'Failed to open design app, please check cardsoon.config.json',
+    designCancelled: 'Failed to open design app, may have been cancelled or requires admin privileges',
+    notReady: 'System not ready, please restart the app or check printer and task directory',
+    notReadyAction: 'System not ready, cannot {action}',
+    stopDistribute: 'Please stop the data distribution task first',
+    usbCollecting: 'USB collection in progress, please wait',
+    usbCollectInProgress: 'Data collection in progress, please stop it on the task page first',
+    usbCollectComplete: 'USB collection completed',
+    pathOpenFailed: 'Failed to open directory picker',
+    templateOpenFailed: 'Failed to open template picker',
+    templateParseFailed: 'Template parsing failed',
+    dirInvalid: 'Import directory invalid, cannot continue',
+    resubmitCollectFailed: 'Failed to resubmit collection task',
+    resubmitFailed: 'Resubmit failed',
+    pollStartFailed: 'Failed to start task polling',
+    pollMonitorFailed: 'Cannot monitor card position, please click Back or resubmit manually',
+    queryJobFailed: 'Query task failed: {code}',
+    queryUsbFailed: 'Query USB task failed: {code}',
+    cancelIssue: 'Issue occurred while cancelling task',
+    selectDirFirst: 'Please select a data import directory first',
+    selectDirFirstShort: 'Please select a data import directory first',
+    startUsbFailed: 'Failed to start USB collection',
+    usbWaitComplete: 'Please wait for USB collection to complete',
+    cannotEnterRunning: 'Cannot enter running page, task cancelled',
+    initFailedHint: 'Initialization failed, please check task directory permissions'
+  },
+  validation: {
+    noTask: 'Please configure a copy path or print template',
+    invalidTemplate: 'Please select a .soon template',
+    pathEmpty: 'Path cannot be empty',
+    pathNotExist: 'Path does not exist: {paths}',
+    noFilesToCopy: 'No files to copy under the path',
+    netCredMissing: 'Please configure network location credentials first: {host}',
+    templateNotExist: 'Template file does not exist',
+    printFlagMismatch: 'Print side mismatch, please reselect',
+    singleSideMustPick: 'Single-side printer, please select front or back',
+    pickSideRequired: 'Please select a print side (front or back) before submitting',
+    printerNotConnected: 'Printer not connected, please connect the printer first',
+    printerNotReady: 'Printer not connected or in fault (e.g. card jam). Please fix the device before submitting',
+    dongleAuthRequired: 'Please enter authorization code',
+    dongleCountInvalid: 'Dongle count must be 0 or 1-101',
+    createJobFailed: 'Failed to create task',
+    csvGenFailed: 'Failed to generate print variable CSV'
+  },
+  printerStatus: {
+    idle: 'Idle',
+    busy: 'Busy',
+    printing: 'Printing',
+    notConnected: 'Printer not connected',
+    notInitialized: 'Not initialized',
+    initFailed: 'Initialization failed',
+    ready: 'Ready',
+    unknown: '—'
+  }
+}

app/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+export default {
+  common: {
+    cancel: '取消',
+    confirm: '确定',
+    close: '关闭',
+    addPath: '添加路径',
+    clear: '清空',
+    submit: '提交',
+    home: '首页',
+    stop: '停止',
+    back: '返回',
+    reset: '重置',
+    select: '选择',
+    resetPrinter: '重置打印机',
+    discardCard: '废弃卡片',
+    templateDesign: '模板设计',
+    low: '低',
+    mid: '中',
+    high: '高',
+    any: '任何'
+  },
+  header: {
+    modeHome: '卡树数据卡打印机软件',
+    modeDistribute: '数据分发模式',
+    modeCollect: '数据收集模式',
+    ribbon: '色带',
+    ribbonAmount: '余量',
+    status: '状态',
+    serialNo: '序列号'
+  },
+  footer: {
+    version: '版本 v{version}',
+    website: 'www.cardsoon.com',
+    copyright: '版权所有 © 2026 卡树科技'
+  },
+  home: {
+    toolsTitle: '工具',
+    tasksTitle: '任务',
+    readCard: '读卡',
+    ejectCard: '退卡',
+    dataDistribute: '数据分发',
+    dataDistributeDesc: '分发数据到打印卡片',
+    dataCollect: '数据收集',
+    dataCollectDesc: '从卡片收集导入数据'
+  },
+  distributeConfig: {
+    pathConfig: '路径配置',
+    addNetworkLocation: '添加网络位置',
+    pathHint: '系统将拷贝该目录下的所有子项，但不包含文件夹本身',
+    netCredConfigured: '已配置网络凭据：{hosts}',
+    volumeLabel: '卷标',
+    copyType: '拷贝类型',
+    formatType: '格式化类型',
+    dongle: '加密狗',
+    dongleHint: '（101 为不限次数）',
+    dongleAuthLabel: '授权码',
+    donglePassword: '请输入授权码',
+    showAuth: '显示授权码',
+    hideAuth: '隐藏授权码',
+    templatePreview: '标签预览',
+    addLabel: '添加标签',
+    removeLabel: '移除标签',
+    templateRemoved: '已移除标签',
+    doubleSide: '双面',
+    singleSideHint: '当前为单面打印机，请选择打印面（正面或背面）',
+    frontSide: '正面',
+    backSide: '背面',
+    imageFieldNotSelected: '未选择图片',
+    templateLoaded: '已加载标签模板',
+    templateNoPreview: '模板已打开，但未解析到可预览内容',
+    cleared: '已清空，已恢复初始状态',
+    netCredSaved: '网络凭据已保存',
+    loadProgress: '已加载: {loaded} GB / {total} GB ({percent}%)',
+    calculating: '计算中…',
+    sizeUnknown: '大小未知',
+    pathInvalid: '路径无效',
+    pathReady: '{size} · 待拷贝',
+    pathPattern: '{dir}\\*.*'
+  },
+  copyType: {
+    fileCopy: '文件拷贝',
+    imageBurn: '镜像刻录'
+  },
+  formatType: {
+    none: '不格式化',
+    fat32: 'Fat32',
+    exfat: 'exFat',
+    ntfs: 'NTFS'
+  },
+  dataCollect: {
+    importPath: '数据导入地址',
+    cardOutput: '出卡方向',
+    forwardOutput: '向前出卡',
+    backwardOutput: '向后出卡',
+    noDirSelected: '未选择目录'
+  },
+  running: {
+    taskFailed: '任务失败',
+    taskCompleted: '任务已完成',
+    collectCompleted: '收集已完成',
+    dataCollecting: '数据收集中',
+    taskRunning: '任务执行中',
+    waitingCard: '等待插卡',
+    failedSubCollect: '请检查读卡器与卡片，插入备卡位可自动重试',
+    failedSubDistribute: '请检查设备故障，插入备卡位可自动重试',
+    completedSubCollect: '请点击返回，或插入备卡位继续下一张',
+    completedSubDistribute: '请点击返回，或插入备卡位自动开始下一张',
+    collectingHint: '正在从卡片读取并写入导入目录',
+    waitCardHint: '请插入数据卡，任务将自动执行',
+    runningHint: '任务执行中，请稍候',
+    progressCounter: '任务已经完成{success}次，其中失败次数是{fail}。'
+  },
+  networkDialog: {
+    title: '添加网络位置',
+    hint: '凭据用于访问已添加的映射盘或网络共享路径,请确认主机可访问且账号有效。',
+    host: '主机(IP 或主机名)',
+    share: '共享名(可选)',
+    userName: '用户名',
+    password: '密码',
+    targetUNC: '目标 UNC',
+    hostPlaceholder: '例如 192.168.1.100 或 nas-server',
+    sharePlaceholder: '例如 share,留空表示只挂载到根',
+    userNamePlaceholder: '例如 admin',
+    errHostInvalid: '主机名/IP 不合法',
+    errUserName: '请输入用户名',
+    errPassword: '请输入密码'
+  },
+  workflow: {
+    taskPrep: '任务准备',
+    copyData: '拷贝数据',
+    printCard: '打印卡片',
+    complete: '完成'
+  },
+  notify: {
+    resetSent: '已发送重置指令',
+    resetFailed: '重置失败',
+    rejectUnavailable: '当前环境不支持废卡接口',
+    cardRejected: '已废弃卡片',
+    readCardSent: '已送卡到读卡区',
+    readCardFailed: '读卡失败',
+    ejectCardSent: '已退卡到出卡区',
+    ejectCardFailed: '退卡失败',
+    operationFailed: '操作失败',
+    designStarted: '已启动设计软件',
+    designFailed: '打开设计软件失败，请检查 cardsoon.config.json',
+    designCancelled: '打开设计软件失败，可能已被取消或需要管理员权限',
+    notReady: '系统未就绪，请重启应用或检查打印机与任务目录',
+    notReadyAction: '系统未就绪，无法{action}',
+    stopDistribute: '请先停止数据分发任务',
+    usbCollecting: 'USB 收集进行中，请等待完成',
+    usbCollectInProgress: '数据收集进行中，请先在任务页停止',
+    usbCollectComplete: 'USB 收集完成',
+    pathOpenFailed: '打开目录选择失败',
+    templateOpenFailed: '打开模板选择失败',
+    templateParseFailed: '模板解析失败',
+    dirInvalid: '导入目录无效，无法继续',
+    resubmitCollectFailed: '重新提交收集任务失败',
+    resubmitFailed: '重新提交失败',
+    pollStartFailed: '启动任务轮询失败',
+    pollMonitorFailed: '无法监控卡位，请手动点击返回或重新提交',
+    queryJobFailed: '查询任务失败: {code}',
+    queryUsbFailed: '查询 USB 任务失败: {code}',
+    cancelIssue: '取消任务时出现问题',
+    selectDirFirst: '请先选择数据导入目录',
+    selectDirFirstShort: '请先选择数据导入目录',
+    startUsbFailed: '启动 USB 收集失败',
+    usbWaitComplete: '请先等待 USB 收集完成',
+    cannotEnterRunning: '无法进入运行页，已取消任务',
+    initFailedHint: '初始化失败，请检查任务目录权限',
+    waitTimeoutCollect: '等待时间较长：请检查 U 盘数据线是否连接、卡片是否插好（可把卡插反后重试）',
+    waitTimeoutDistribute: '等待进卡时间较长：请检查卡片是否到位、打印机是否夹卡或报错'
+  },
+  validation: {
+    noTask: '请配置拷贝路径或打印模板',
+    invalidTemplate: '请选择 .soon 模板',
+    pathEmpty: '路径不能为空',
+    pathNotExist: '路径不存在: {paths}',
+    noFilesToCopy: '拷贝路径下没有可拷贝的文件',
+    netCredMissing: '请先配置网络位置凭据: {host}',
+    templateNotExist: '模板文件不存在',
+    printFlagMismatch: '打印面数不匹配，请重新选择',
+    singleSideMustPick: '当前为单面打印机，请选择正面或背面',
+    pickSideRequired: '请选择打印面（正面或背面）后再提交',
+    printerNotConnected: '打印机未连接，请先连接打印机后再提交',
+    printerNotReady: '打印机未连接或设备异常（如夹卡），请排除故障后再提交',
+    dongleAuthRequired: '请输入授权码',
+    dongleCountInvalid: '加密狗次数须为 0 或 1-101',
+    createJobFailed: '创建任务失败',
+    csvGenFailed: '生成打印变量 CSV 失败'
+  },
+  printerStatus: {
+    idle: '空闲',
+    busy: '忙碌',
+    printing: '正在打印',
+    notConnected: '未连接打印机',
+    notInitialized: '未初始化',
+    initFailed: '初始化失败',
+    ready: '就绪',
+    unknown: '—'
+  }
+}

app/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+export default {
+  common: {
+    cancel: '取消',
+    confirm: '確定',
+    close: '關閉',
+    addPath: '新增路徑',
+    clear: '清空',
+    submit: '提交',
+    home: '首頁',
+    stop: '停止',
+    back: '返回',
+    reset: '重設',
+    select: '選擇',
+    resetPrinter: '重設印表機',
+    discardCard: '廢棄卡片',
+    templateDesign: '模板設計',
+    low: '低',
+    mid: '中',
+    high: '高',
+    any: '任何'
+  },
+  header: {
+    modeHome: '卡樹數據卡印表機軟體',
+    modeDistribute: '數據分發模式',
+    modeCollect: '數據收集模式',
+    ribbon: '色帶',
+    ribbonAmount: '餘量',
+    status: '狀態',
+    serialNo: '序號'
+  },
+  footer: {
+    version: '版本 v{version}',
+    website: 'www.cardsoon.com',
+    copyright: '版權所有 © 2026 卡樹科技'
+  },
+  home: {
+    toolsTitle: '工具',
+    tasksTitle: '任務',
+    readCard: '讀卡',
+    ejectCard: '退卡',
+    dataDistribute: '數據分發',
+    dataDistributeDesc: '分發數據到列印卡片',
+    dataCollect: '數據收集',
+    dataCollectDesc: '從卡片收集匯入數據'
+  },
+  distributeConfig: {
+    pathConfig: '路徑配置',
+    addNetworkLocation: '新增網路位置',
+    pathHint: '系統將拷貝該目錄下的所有子項，但不包含資料夾本身',
+    netCredConfigured: '已配置網路憑證：{hosts}',
+    volumeLabel: '卷標',
+    copyType: '拷貝類型',
+    formatType: '格式化類型',
+    dongle: '加密狗',
+    dongleHint: '（101 為不限次數）',
+    dongleAuthLabel: '授權碼',
+    donglePassword: '請輸入授權碼',
+    showAuth: '顯示授權碼',
+    hideAuth: '隱藏授權碼',
+    templatePreview: '標籤預覽',
+    addLabel: '新增標籤',
+    removeLabel: '移除標籤',
+    templateRemoved: '已移除標籤',
+    doubleSide: '雙面',
+    singleSideHint: '當前為單面印表機，請選擇列印面（正面或背面）',
+    frontSide: '正面',
+    backSide: '背面',
+    imageFieldNotSelected: '未選擇圖片',
+    templateLoaded: '已載入標籤模板',
+    templateNoPreview: '模板已開啟，但未解析到可預覽內容',
+    cleared: '已清空，已恢復初始狀態',
+    netCredSaved: '網路憑證已儲存',
+    loadProgress: '已載入: {loaded} GB / {total} GB ({percent}%)',
+    calculating: '計算中…',
+    sizeUnknown: '大小未知',
+    pathInvalid: '路徑無效',
+    pathReady: '{size} · 待拷貝',
+    pathPattern: '{dir}\\*.*'
+  },
+  copyType: {
+    fileCopy: '檔案拷貝',
+    imageBurn: '鏡像燒錄'
+  },
+  formatType: {
+    none: '不格式化',
+    fat32: 'Fat32',
+    exfat: 'exFat',
+    ntfs: 'NTFS'
+  },
+  dataCollect: {
+    importPath: '數據匯入地址',
+    cardOutput: '出卡方向',
+    forwardOutput: '向前出卡',
+    backwardOutput: '向後出卡',
+    noDirSelected: '未選擇目錄'
+  },
+  running: {
+    taskFailed: '任務失敗',
+    taskCompleted: '任務已完成',
+    collectCompleted: '收集已完成',
+    dataCollecting: '數據收集中',
+    taskRunning: '任務執行中',
+    waitingCard: '等待插卡',
+    failedSubCollect: '請檢查讀卡器與卡片，插入備卡位可自動重試',
+    failedSubDistribute: '請檢查設備故障，插入備卡位可自動重試',
+    completedSubCollect: '請點擊返回，或插入備卡位繼續下一張',
+    completedSubDistribute: '請點擊返回，或插入備卡位自動開始下一張',
+    collectingHint: '正在從卡片讀取並寫入匯入目錄',
+    waitCardHint: '請插入數據卡，任務將自動執行',
+    runningHint: '任務執行中，請稍候',
+    progressCounter: '任務已經完成{success}次，其中失敗次數是{fail}。'
+  },
+  networkDialog: {
+    title: '新增網路位置',
+    hint: '憑證用於存取已新增的映射盤或網路共享路徑,請確認主機可存取且帳號有效。',
+    host: '主機(IP 或主機名)',
+    share: '共享名(可選)',
+    userName: '使用者名稱',
+    password: '密碼',
+    targetUNC: '目標 UNC',
+    hostPlaceholder: '例如 192.168.1.100 或 nas-server',
+    sharePlaceholder: '例如 share,留空表示只掛載到根',
+    userNamePlaceholder: '例如 admin',
+    errHostInvalid: '主機名/IP 不合法',
+    errUserName: '請輸入使用者名稱',
+    errPassword: '請輸入密碼'
+  },
+  workflow: {
+    taskPrep: '任務準備',
+    copyData: '拷貝數據',
+    printCard: '列印卡片',
+    complete: '完成'
+  },
+  notify: {
+    resetSent: '已發送重設指令',
+    resetFailed: '重設失敗',
+    rejectUnavailable: '當前環境不支援廢卡介面',
+    cardRejected: '已廢棄卡片',
+    readCardSent: '已送卡到讀卡區',
+    readCardFailed: '讀卡失敗',
+    ejectCardSent: '已退卡到出卡區',
+    ejectCardFailed: '退卡失敗',
+    operationFailed: '操作失敗',
+    designStarted: '已啟動設計軟體',
+    designFailed: '開啟設計軟體失敗，請檢查 cardsoon.config.json',
+    designCancelled: '開啟設計軟體失敗，可能已被取消或需要管理員權限',
+    notReady: '系統未就緒，請重啟應用或檢查印表機與任務目錄',
+    notReadyAction: '系統未就緒，無法{action}',
+    stopDistribute: '請先停止數據分發任務',
+    usbCollecting: 'USB 收集進行中，請等待完成',
+    usbCollectInProgress: '數據收集進行中，請先在任務頁停止',
+    usbCollectComplete: 'USB 收集完成',
+    pathOpenFailed: '開啟目錄選擇失敗',
+    templateOpenFailed: '開啟模板選擇失敗',
+    templateParseFailed: '模板解析失敗',
+    dirInvalid: '匯入目錄無效，無法繼續',
+    resubmitCollectFailed: '重新提交收集任務失敗',
+    resubmitFailed: '重新提交失敗',
+    pollStartFailed: '啟動任務輪詢失敗',
+    pollMonitorFailed: '無法監控卡位，請手動點擊返回或重新提交',
+    queryJobFailed: '查詢任務失敗: {code}',
+    queryUsbFailed: '查詢 USB 任務失敗: {code}',
+    cancelIssue: '取消任務時出現問題',
+    selectDirFirst: '請先選擇數據匯入目錄',
+    selectDirFirstShort: '請先選擇數據匯入目錄',
+    startUsbFailed: '啟動 USB 收集失敗',
+    usbWaitComplete: '請先等待 USB 收集完成',
+    cannotEnterRunning: '無法進入運行頁，已取消任務',
+    initFailedHint: '初始化失敗，請檢查任務目錄權限'
+  },
+  validation: {
+    noTask: '請配置拷貝路徑或列印模板',
+    invalidTemplate: '請選擇 .soon 模板',
+    pathEmpty: '路徑不能為空',
+    pathNotExist: '路徑不存在: {paths}',
+    noFilesToCopy: '拷貝路徑下沒有可拷貝的檔案',
+    netCredMissing: '請先配置網路位置憑證: {host}',
+    templateNotExist: '模板檔案不存在',
+    printFlagMismatch: '列印面數不匹配，請重新選擇',
+    singleSideMustPick: '當前為單面印表機，請選擇正面或背面',
+    pickSideRequired: '請選擇列印面（正面或背面）後再提交',
+    printerNotConnected: '印表機未連接，請先連接印表機後再提交',
+    printerNotReady: '印表機未連接或設備異常（如夾卡），請排除故障後再提交',
+    dongleAuthRequired: '請輸入授權碼',
+    dongleCountInvalid: '加密狗次數須為 0 或 1-101',
+    createJobFailed: '建立任務失敗',
+    csvGenFailed: '生成列印變數 CSV 失敗'
+  },
+  printerStatus: {
+    idle: '空閒',
+    busy: '忙碌',
+    printing: '正在列印',
+    notConnected: '未連接印表機',
+    notInitialized: '未初始化',
+    initFailed: '初始化失敗',
+    ready: '就緒',
+    unknown: '—'
+  }
+}

app/src/renderer/src/main.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import { createApp } from 'vue'
 
 import { createPinia } from 'pinia'
 
+import i18n from '@/i18n'
+
 import { configGet } from '@/api/cardsoon'
 
 import { useNetworkAuthStore } from '@/stores/networkAuth'
@@ -22,71 +24,92 @@ import './styles/shell.css'
 
 
 
-window.cardsoonApi.on('app:trace', (payload) => {
-
-  const p = payload as { level: string; message: string; data?: Record<string, unknown> }
-
-  if (p.level === 'error') console.error(p.message, p.data ?? '')
-
-  else console.log(p.message, p.data ?? '')
-
-})
-
+// preload 未注入时（如普通浏览器调试/ preload 加载失败）不再白屏，直接跳过桌面侧能力
+const hasApi = typeof window.cardsoonApi !== 'undefined'
 
+if (hasApi) {
+  window.cardsoonApi.on('app:trace', (payload) => {
+    const p = payload as { level: string; message: string; data?: Record<string, unknown> }
+    if (p.level === 'error') console.error(p.message, p.data ?? '')
+    else console.log(p.message, p.data ?? '')
+  })
+}
 
 async function setTrace(on: boolean): Promise<void> {
-
   await window.cardsoonApi.invoke('config:set', { traceEnabled: on })
-
   console.info(`[trace] 控制台日志已${on ? '开启' : '关闭'}`)
+}
 
+const w = window as Window & { trace?: (on?: boolean) => Promise<void>; dllTrace?: (on?: boolean) => Promise<void> }
+
+if (hasApi) {
+  w.trace = async (on = true) => setTrace(on)
+  w.dllTrace = w.trace
+
+  void (async () => {
+    const cfg = await configGet()
+    const on = cfg.ok && cfg.data?.traceEnabled === true
+    console.info(`[trace] 控制台日志: ${on ? '已开启' : '已关闭'}，执行 trace(false) 关闭`)
+  })()
 }
 
 
 
-const w = window as Window & { trace?: (on?: boolean) => Promise<void>; dllTrace?: (on?: boolean) => Promise<void> }
+/**
+ * 渲染进程启动崩溃兜底：把白屏变成可见错误面板，
+ * 便于在无法打开 DevTools 的现场截图定位问题。
+ * 仅在 Vue 挂载前/挂载瞬间触发的错误会覆盖界面；
+ * 挂载完成后的运行时错误只进控制台，不破坏已有界面。
+ */
+let appMounted = false
 
-w.trace = async (on = true) => setTrace(on)
+function showFatalError(stage: string, err: unknown): void {
+  if (appMounted) {
+    console.error(`[renderer:${stage}]`, err)
+    return
+  }
+  const el = document.getElementById('app')
+  if (!el) return
+  const detail = err instanceof Error ? `${err.message}\n\n${err.stack ?? ''}` : String(err)
+  el.innerHTML = `<pre style="margin:16px;padding:16px;background:#fff5f5;border:1px solid #feb2b2;border-radius:8px;color:#c53030;font-size:13px;white-space:pre-wrap;word-break:break-all;">[renderer:${stage}]\n${detail}</pre>`
+}
 
-w.dllTrace = w.trace
+window.addEventListener('error', (e) => {
+  showFatalError('window.onerror', e.error ?? e.message)
+})
+window.addEventListener('unhandledrejection', (e) => {
+  showFatalError('unhandledrejection', e.reason)
+})
 
+try {
+  const app = createApp(App)
 
+  app.config.errorHandler = (err, _instance, info) => {
+    console.error('[vue errorHandler]', err, info)
+    if (!appMounted) showFatalError(`vue:${info}`, err)
+  }
 
-void (async () => {
+  const pinia = createPinia()
 
-  const cfg = await configGet()
+  app.use(pinia)
 
-  const on = cfg.ok && cfg.data?.traceEnabled === true
+  app.use(i18n)
 
-  console.info(`[trace] 控制台日志: ${on ? '已开启' : '已关闭'}，执行 trace(false) 关闭`)
+  app.use(router)
 
-})()
+  void (async () => {
+    await useNetworkAuthStore().loadFromStorage()
 
+    const dongleStore = useDongleAuthStore()
 
+    await dongleStore.loadFromSecrets()
 
-const app = createApp(App)
+    useDistributeFormStore().dongleAuthCode = dongleStore.authCode
+  })()
 
-const pinia = createPinia()
-
-app.use(pinia)
-
-app.use(router)
-
-
-
-void (async () => {
-
-  await useNetworkAuthStore().loadFromStorage()
-
-  const dongleStore = useDongleAuthStore()
-
-  await dongleStore.loadFromSecrets()
-
-  useDistributeFormStore().dongleAuthCode = dongleStore.authCode
-
-})()
-
-
-
-app.mount('#app')
+  app.mount('#app')
+  appMounted = true
+} catch (err) {
+  showFatalError('bootstrap', err)
+}
 

app/src/renderer/src/stores/job.ts

@@ -18,6 +18,11 @@ export const useJobStore = defineStore('job', {
     clearActiveJob() {
       this.jobId = ''
     },
+    /** 重置次数计数器（不影响当前 jobId/lastJobJson） */
+    resetCounts() {
+      this.successCount = 0
+      this.failCount = 0
+    },
     reset() {
       this.jobId = ''
       this.lastJobJson = ''

app/src/renderer/src/styles/icons-font.css

@@ -65,3 +65,15 @@
 .fa-exclamation-triangle::before {
   content: '\f071';
 }
+.fa-id-card::before {
+  content: '\f2c2';
+}
+.fa-eject::before {
+  content: '\f052';
+}
+.fa-eye::before {
+  content: '\f06e';
+}
+.fa-eye-slash::before {
+  content: '\f070';
+}

app/src/renderer/src/styles/pages/page2.css

@@ -73,6 +73,101 @@
     color: var(--cs-primary);
 }
 
+/* 不支持的工具按钮（如当前 DLL 无废卡接口）：置灰禁用 */
+.m-tool-btn:disabled {
+    background: #f1f3f5;
+    border-color: #e9ecef;
+    color: #adb5bd;
+    cursor: not-allowed;
+    box-shadow: none;
+}
+
+.m-tool-btn:disabled:hover {
+    border-color: #e9ecef;
+    box-shadow: none;
+}
+
+.m-tool-btn:disabled i,
+.m-tool-btn:disabled:hover i {
+    color: #ced4da;
+}
+
+/* ========== 读卡 / 退卡 PK 式斜切分隔按钮 ========== */
+.m-tool-versus {
+    position: relative;
+    width: 100%;
+    height: 48px;
+    background: #fff;
+    border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
+    border-radius: 6px;
+    overflow: hidden;
+    display: flex;
+    transition: border-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
+}
+
+.m-tool-versus:hover {
+    border-color: var(--cs-primary);
+    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 128, 0, 0.10);
+}
+
+.m-versus-half {
+    position: relative;
+    z-index: 1;
+    width: 50%;
+    height: 100%;
+    border: none;
+    background: transparent;
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: center;
+    gap: 6px;
+    font-size: 12px;
+    font-weight: 700;
+    color: #495057;
+    cursor: pointer;
+    white-space: nowrap;
+    transition: background 0.18s ease, color 0.18s ease;
+}
+
+.m-versus-half span {
+    white-space: nowrap;
+    overflow: hidden;
+    text-overflow: clip;
+}
+
+.m-versus-half i {
+    font-size: 14px;
+    flex-shrink: 0;
+    color: #6c757d;
+    transition: color 0.18s ease;
+}
+
+/* 左半：内容朝中间（右对齐），右边缘斜切为 \ 形 */
+.m-versus-half--read {
+    justify-content: flex-end;
+    padding-right: 12px;
+    clip-path: polygon(0 0, calc(100% - 9px) 0, calc(100% + 9px) 100%, 0 100%);
+}
+
+/* 右半：内容朝中间（左对齐），左边缘斜切为 \ 形 */
+.m-versus-half--eject {
+    justify-content: flex-start;
+    padding-left: 12px;
+    clip-path: polygon(calc(0% - 9px) 0, 100% 0, 100% 100%, calc(0% + 9px) 100%);
+}
+
+.m-versus-half:hover {
+    background: rgba(0, 128, 0, 0.08);
+    color: var(--cs-primary);
+}
+
+.m-versus-half:hover i {
+    color: var(--cs-primary);
+}
+
+.m-versus-half:active {
+    background: rgba(0, 128, 0, 0.16);
+}
+
 /* ========== 垂直分隔线 ========== */
 .m-divider {
     width: 1px;

app/src/renderer/src/styles/pages/page4.css

@@ -111,13 +111,53 @@
 }
 
 .m-panel-toolbar .c-checkbox-item .c-input.dog-auth {
-  width: 110px;
+  width: 140px;
   height: 20px;
   padding: 0 4px;
   font-size: 9px;
   border-radius: 3px;
   border: 1px solid #ced4da;
+  margin-left: 3px;
+}
+
+/* 授权码输入框容器 + 小眼睛 */
+.m-panel-toolbar .c-checkbox-item .dog-auth-wrap {
+  position: relative;
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  margin-left: 3px;
+}
+
+.m-panel-toolbar .c-checkbox-item .dog-auth-toggle {
+  position: absolute;
+  right: 2px;
+  top: 50%;
+  transform: translateY(-50%);
+  background: none;
+  border: none;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  padding: 0;
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  width: 16px;
+  height: 16px;
+  color: #adb5bd;
+  font-size: 10px;
+}
+
+.m-panel-toolbar .c-checkbox-item .dog-auth-toggle:hover {
+  color: #495057;
+}
+
+/* 授权码标签 */
+.m-panel-toolbar .c-checkbox-item .dog-auth-label {
+  font-size: 9px;
+  color: #495057;
+  font-weight: 500;
   margin-left: 6px;
+  flex-shrink: 0;
+  white-space: nowrap;
 }
 
 /* 提示文字 */

app/src/renderer/src/types/ipc.ts

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ export interface JobPollPayload {
   failed: boolean
   cancelled: boolean
   finished: boolean
+  /** 任务失败当刻由主进程取到的打印机错误串 */
+  errorMessage?: string
 }
 
 export interface UsbPollPayload {

app/src/renderer/src/types/printer.ts

@@ -3,11 +3,17 @@ export interface PrinterStatusDisplay {
   ribbonAmount: string
   statusText: string
   serialNo: string
+  /** 打印机型号/名称（如 TH80），用于判断单/双面能力 */
+  printerName: string
+  /** 是否为单面打印机（如 TH80），单面打印机不能选"双面"打印 */
+  isSingleSide: boolean
 }
 
 export const defaultPrinterStatus: PrinterStatusDisplay = {
   ribbonType: '—',
   ribbonAmount: '—',
   statusText: '—',
-  serialNo: '—'
+  serialNo: '—',
+  printerName: '—',
+  isSingleSide: false
 }

app/src/renderer/src/utils/createDistributeJob.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import i18n from '@/i18n'
 import { genTaskId } from '@shared/gen-task-id'
 import { buildJobConfig } from '@/utils/buildJobConfig'
 import { resolveJobTasks } from '@/utils/validateJobConfig'
@@ -6,6 +7,10 @@ import { dllJobCreate, fsWriteJobCsv } from '@/api/cardsoon'
 import { useJobStore } from '@/stores/job'
 import type { DistributeFormState } from '@/stores/distributeForm'
 
+function t(key: string, named?: Record<string, unknown>): string {
+  return i18n.global.t(key, named ?? {})
+}
+
 function printFieldRows(form: DistributeFormState) {
   return (form.templatePreview?.fields ?? []).map((f) => ({
     originName: f.originName || f.label.replace(/\[.*\]$/, ''),
@@ -18,7 +23,7 @@ async function buildJobJson(
 ): Promise<{ ok: true; json: string } | { ok: false; message: string }> {
   const { hasCopy, hasPrint } = resolveJobTasks(form)
   if (!hasCopy && !hasPrint) {
-    return { ok: false, message: '请配置拷贝路径或打印模板' }
+    return { ok: false, message: t('validation.noTask') }
   }
 
   const taskId = genTaskId()
@@ -28,7 +33,7 @@ async function buildJobJson(
     if (rows.length > 0) {
       const csv = await fsWriteJobCsv({ taskId, rows })
       if (!csv.ok || !csv.data?.path) {
-        return { ok: false, message: csv.message || '生成打印变量 CSV 失败' }
+        return { ok: false, message: csv.message || t('validation.csvGenFailed') }
       }
       udfFile = csv.data.path
     }
@@ -71,7 +76,7 @@ export async function createDistributeJob(
 
   const created = await dllJobCreate(json, opts)
   if (!created.ok || !created.data?.jobId) {
-    return { ok: false, message: created.message || '创建任务失败' }
+    return { ok: false, message: created.message || t('validation.createJobFailed') }
   }
   return { ok: true, jobId: created.data.jobId }
 }

app/src/renderer/src/utils/validateJobConfig.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
 import type { DistributeFormState } from '@/stores/distributeForm'
+import i18n from '@/i18n'
+
+function t(key: string, named?: Record<string, unknown>): string {
+  return i18n.global.t(key, named ?? {})
+}
 
 export function resolveJobTasks(f: DistributeFormState): { hasCopy: boolean; hasPrint: boolean } {
   const hasCopy = f.pathList.some((p) => !!p.path.trim())
@@ -8,8 +13,8 @@ export function resolveJobTasks(f: DistributeFormState): { hasCopy: boolean; has
 
 export function validateJobConfig(f: DistributeFormState): string | null {
   const { hasCopy, hasPrint } = resolveJobTasks(f)
-  if (!hasCopy && !hasPrint) return '请配置拷贝路径或打印模板'
-  if (hasPrint && !/\.soon$/i.test(f.templateFile.trim())) return '请选择 .soon 模板'
-  if (hasCopy && f.pathList.some((p) => !p.path.trim())) return '路径不能为空'
+  if (!hasCopy && !hasPrint) return t('validation.noTask')
+  if (hasPrint && !/\.soon$/i.test(f.templateFile.trim())) return t('validation.invalidTemplate')
+  if (hasCopy && f.pathList.some((p) => !p.path.trim())) return t('validation.pathEmpty')
   return null
 }

app/src/renderer/src/utils/validateJobPreflight.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
 import type { DistributeFormState } from '@/stores/distributeForm'
-import { fsPathExists } from '@/api/cardsoon'
+import i18n from '@/i18n'
+import { fsPathExists, dllPrinterStatus } from '@/api/cardsoon'
 import { resolveJobTasks, validateJobConfig } from '@/utils/validateJobConfig'
 import { resolveCopyNetworkHosts } from '@/utils/copyNetworkHosts'
 import { useNetworkAuthStore } from '@/stores/networkAuth'
+import { useConfigStore } from '@/stores/config'
+
+function t(key: string, named?: Record<string, unknown>): string {
+  return i18n.global.t(key, named ?? {})
+}
 
 function totalCopyBytes(form: DistributeFormState): number {
   return form.pathList.reduce((sum, item) => sum + (item.sizeBytes || 0), 0)
@@ -16,21 +22,57 @@ export function printFlagMismatch(printFlag: number, templateFlag: number): bool
   )
 }
 
+/**
+ * 提交前打印机硬件状态预检（分发/收集共用）。
+ * - 返回非 null 字符串：拦截提交并提示（未连接 / 设备故障码，如夹卡）
+ * - 返回 null：放行（含 DLL 不支持状态查询、查询异常等无法判断的情况，交给后续流程）
+ * 注：夹卡等具体故障码表待 DLL 侧提供后，可在此按 statusCode 精确映射文案。
+ */
+export async function preflightPrinterStatus(): Promise<string | null> {
+  try {
+    const r = await dllPrinterStatus()
+    if (!r.ok) {
+      const msg = r.message || ''
+      // DLL 不支持状态查询时无法判断，放行交给后续流程
+      if (msg.includes('不支持') || msg.toLowerCase().includes('not supported')) {
+        return null
+      }
+      return t('validation.printerNotReady')
+    }
+    const data = r.data
+    if (!data) return t('validation.printerNotReady')
+    // 健康：主进程返回了明确的非负状态码（0 空闲 / 忙碌 / 打印中）
+    if (typeof data.statusCode === 'number' && data.statusCode >= 0) return null
+    // 缓存兜底 + liveError：实时查询失败（断连 / 故障码）
+    if (data.fromCache && data.liveError) return t('validation.printerNotReady')
+    // 无状态码（未初始化 / 未知异常）：保守拦截
+    return t('validation.printerNotReady')
+  } catch {
+    // 查询异常时不阻塞，让后续流程处理
+    return null
+  }
+}
+
 export async function validateJobPreflight(form: DistributeFormState): Promise<string | null> {
   const err = validateJobConfig(form)
   if (err) return err
 
+  // 打印机硬件预检：打印/拷贝任务都需要设备，未连接或故障码（如夹卡）时拦截提交
   const { hasCopy, hasPrint } = resolveJobTasks(form)
+  if (hasPrint || hasCopy) {
+    const fault = await preflightPrinterStatus()
+    if (fault) return fault
+  }
 
   if (hasCopy) {
     const paths = form.pathList.map((x) => x.path)
     if (paths.length > 0) {
       const ex = await fsPathExists(paths)
       if (ex.ok && ex.data?.missing.length) {
-        return `路径不存在: ${ex.data.missing.join(', ')}`
+        return t('validation.pathNotExist', { paths: ex.data.missing.join(', ') })
       }
       if (totalCopyBytes(form) <= 0) {
-        return '拷贝路径下没有可拷贝的文件'
+        return t('validation.noFilesToCopy')
       }
     }
 
@@ -40,7 +82,7 @@ export async function validateJobPreflight(form: DistributeFormState): Promise<s
       for (const host of hosts) {
         const cred = netStore.getCredential(host)
         if (!cred?.userName?.trim() || !cred.password) {
-          return `请先配置网络位置凭据: ${host}`
+          return t('validation.netCredMissing', { host })
         }
       }
     }
@@ -50,22 +92,33 @@ export async function validateJobPreflight(form: DistributeFormState): Promise<s
     const soon = form.templateFile.trim()
     const ex = await fsPathExists([soon])
     if (ex.ok && ex.data?.missing.length) {
-      return '模板文件不存在'
+      return t('validation.templateNotExist')
     }
 
     const preview = form.templatePreview
     if (preview && printFlagMismatch(form.printFlag, preview.templateFlag)) {
-      return '打印面数不匹配，请重新选择'
+      return t('validation.printFlagMismatch')
+    }
+
+    // 单面打印机：双面模板必须显式选择正面或背面，且不能选双面
+    const configStore = useConfigStore()
+    if (configStore.printer.isSingleSide) {
+      if (preview && preview.templateFlag === 1 && form.printFlag !== 2 && form.printFlag !== 3) {
+        return t('validation.pickSideRequired')
+      }
+      if (form.printFlag === 1) {
+        return t('validation.singleSideMustPick')
+      }
     }
   }
 
   if (form.dongleEnabled) {
     if (!form.dongleAuthCode.trim()) {
-      return '请输入授权码'
+      return t('validation.dongleAuthRequired')
     }
     const n = form.dongleInstallCount
     if (!Number.isInteger(n) || n < 0 || n > 101) {
-      return '加密狗次数须为 0 或 1-101'
+      return t('validation.dongleCountInvalid')
     }
   }
 

app/src/renderer/src/views/DataCollectView.vue

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 <template>
   <AppShell>
-    <AppHeader mode="数据收集模式">
+    <AppHeader :mode="t('header.modeCollect')">
       <div class="c-nav-group">
-        <NavButton icon="home" label="首页" @click="goHome" />
-        <NavButton icon="trash" label="清空" @click="collectStore.reset()" />
+        <NavButton icon="home" :label="t('common.home')" @click="goHome" />
+        <NavButton icon="trash" :label="t('common.clear')" @click="collectStore.reset()" />
         <NavButton
           icon="check-circle"
-          label="提交"
+          :label="t('common.submit')"
           variant="primary"
           :active="true"
           :disabled="!canSubmit"
@@ -18,34 +18,34 @@
       <section class="m-config-panel">
         <h3 class="m-panel-title">
           <AppIcon name="folder-open" size="sm" />
-          数据导入地址
+          {{ t('dataCollect.importPath') }}
         </h3>
         <div class="m-path-box">
           <span class="m-path-text" :title="collectStore.destPath || undefined">{{
-            collectStore.destPath || '未选择目录'
+            collectStore.destPath || t('dataCollect.noDirSelected')
           }}</span>
         </div>
         <button type="button" class="m-path-btn" @click="addPath">
           <AppIcon name="plus" size="sm" />
-          添加路径
+          {{ t('common.addPath') }}
         </button>
       </section>
       <div class="m-divider-v" />
       <section class="m-config-panel">
         <h3 class="m-panel-title">
           <AppIcon name="exchange" size="sm" />
-          出卡方向
+          {{ t('dataCollect.cardOutput') }}
         </h3>
         <div class="m-radio-group">
           <label class="m-radio-item">
             <input v-model="collectStore.cardOutput" type="radio" :value="1" />
             <span class="radio-custom" />
-            <span>向前出卡</span>
+            <span>{{ t('dataCollect.forwardOutput') }}</span>
           </label>
           <label class="m-radio-item">
             <input v-model="collectStore.cardOutput" type="radio" :value="2" />
             <span class="radio-custom" />
-            <span>向后出卡</span>
+            <span>{{ t('dataCollect.backwardOutput') }}</span>
           </label>
         </div>
       </section>
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed } from 'vue'
 import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { notify, notifyRequireInit } from '@/composables/useNotify'
 import AppShell from '@/layouts/AppShell.vue'
 import AppHeader from '@/components/AppHeader.vue'
@@ -66,8 +67,10 @@ import AppIcon from '@/components/AppIcon.vue'
 import { useCollectStore } from '@/stores/collect'
 import { useAppStore } from '@/stores/app'
 import { dialogOpenDirectory, dllUsbCopy } from '@/api/cardsoon'
+import { preflightPrinterStatus } from '@/utils/validateJobPreflight'
 
 const router = useRouter()
+const { t } = useI18n()
 const collectStore = useCollectStore()
 const appStore = useAppStore()
 
@@ -79,7 +82,7 @@ const canSubmit = computed(
 async function addPath(): Promise<void> {
   const r = await dialogOpenDirectory()
   if (!r.ok) {
-    notify.error(r.message || '打开目录选择失败')
+    notify.error(r.message || t('notify.pathOpenFailed'))
     return
   }
   const picked = r.data?.paths[0]
@@ -88,21 +91,27 @@ async function addPath(): Promise<void> {
 
 async function onSubmit(): Promise<void> {
   if (!canUse.value) {
-    notifyRequireInit('开始 USB 收集')
+    notifyRequireInit(t('notify.startUsbFailed'))
     return
   }
   if (appStore.mode === 'distributing') {
-    notify.warning('请先停止数据分发任务')
+    notify.warning(t('notify.stopDistribute'))
     return
   }
   const dest = collectStore.destPath.trim()
   if (!dest) {
-    notify.warning('请先选择数据导入目录')
+    notify.warning(t('notify.selectDirFirst'))
+    return
+  }
+  // 打印机硬件预检：未连接或故障码（如夹卡）时拦截提交
+  const fault = await preflightPrinterStatus()
+  if (fault) {
+    notify.warning(fault)
     return
   }
   const r = await dllUsbCopy(dest, collectStore.cardOutput)
   if (!r.ok) {
-    notify.error(r.message || '启动 USB 收集失败')
+    notify.error(r.message || t('notify.startUsbFailed'))
     return
   }
   appStore.setMode('usbCopying')
@@ -111,7 +120,7 @@ async function onSubmit(): Promise<void> {
 
 function goHome(): void {
   if (appStore.mode === 'usbCopying') {
-    notify.warning('数据收集进行中，请先在任务页停止')
+    notify.warning(t('notify.usbCollectInProgress'))
     return
   }
   router.push('/home')

app/src/renderer/src/views/DistributeConfigView.vue

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 <template>
   <AppShell>
-    <AppHeader mode="数据分发模式">
+    <AppHeader :mode="t('header.modeDistribute')">
       <div class="c-nav-group">
-        <NavButton icon="home" label="首页" @click="router.push('/home')" />
-        <NavButton icon="trash" label="清空" @click="onClear" />
+        <NavButton icon="home" :label="t('common.home')" @click="router.push('/home')" />
+        <NavButton icon="trash" :label="t('common.clear')" @click="onClear" />
         <NavButton
           icon="check-circle"
-          label="提交"
+          :label="t('common.submit')"
           variant="primary"
           :active="true"
           :disabled="!canSubmit"
@@ -17,38 +17,38 @@
     <main class="app-shell__main l-main-flex">
       <section class="c-panel m-panel--left">
         <div class="c-panel__header">
-          <span class="c-panel__title">路径配置</span>
+          <span class="c-panel__title">{{ t('distributeConfig.pathConfig') }}</span>
           <div class="c-nav-group">
             <button type="button" class="c-button-cs" @click="addPath">
-              添加路径
+              {{ t('common.addPath') }}
             </button>
             <button type="button" class="c-button-cs" @click="openNetworkDialog">
-              添加网络位置
+              {{ t('distributeConfig.addNetworkLocation') }}
             </button>
           </div>
         </div>
         <div class="m-path-hint">
           <AppIcon name="info-circle" size="sm" />
-          <span>系统将拷贝该目录下的所有子项，但不包含文件夹本身</span>
+          <span>{{ t('distributeConfig.pathHint') }}</span>
         </div>
         <div v-if="configuredHosts.length" class="m-net-cred-hint">
-          已配置网络凭据：{{ configuredHosts.join('、') }}
+          {{ t('distributeConfig.netCredConfigured', { hosts: configuredHosts.join('、') }) }}
         </div>
         <div class="m-panel-toolbar">
           <div class="toolbar-row">
             <div class="toolbar-item">
-              <span>卷标</span>
+              <span>{{ t('distributeConfig.volumeLabel') }}</span>
               <input v-model="formStore.volumeLabel" type="text" class="c-input" />
             </div>
             <div class="toolbar-item">
-              <span>拷贝类型</span>
-              <AppSelect v-model="formStore.copyType" :items="COPY_TYPE_OPTIONS" />
+              <span>{{ t('distributeConfig.copyType') }}</span>
+              <AppSelect v-model="formStore.copyType" :items="copyTypeItems" />
             </div>
           </div>
           <div class="toolbar-row">
             <div class="toolbar-item">
-              <span>格式化类型</span>
-              <AppSelect v-model="formStore.formatType" :items="FORMAT_TYPE_OPTIONS" />
+              <span>{{ t('distributeConfig.formatType') }}</span>
+              <AppSelect v-model="formStore.formatType" :items="formatTypeItems" />
             </div>
             <label class="c-checkbox-item">
               <input
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
                 type="checkbox"
                 @change="onDongleToggle"
               />
-              <span>加密狗</span>
+              <span>{{ t('distributeConfig.dongle') }}</span>
               <input
                 :value="dongleInputValue"
                 type="number"
@@ -68,14 +68,26 @@
                 @input="onDongleCountInput"
               />
               <span class="dog-hint">{{ dongleHint }}</span>
-              <input
-                v-if="formStore.dongleEnabled"
-                v-model="formStore.dongleAuthCode"
-                type="password"
-                class="c-input dog-auth"
-                placeholder="授权码"
-                @input="onDongleAuthInput"
-              />
+              <template v-if="formStore.dongleEnabled">
+                <span class="dog-auth-label">{{ t('distributeConfig.dongleAuthLabel') }}</span>
+                <div class="dog-auth-wrap">
+                  <input
+                    v-model="formStore.dongleAuthCode"
+                    :type="showAuthCode ? 'text' : 'password'"
+                    class="c-input dog-auth"
+                    :placeholder="t('distributeConfig.donglePassword')"
+                    @input="onDongleAuthInput"
+                  />
+                  <button
+                    type="button"
+                    class="dog-auth-toggle"
+                    :title="showAuthCode ? t('distributeConfig.hideAuth') : t('distributeConfig.showAuth')"
+                    @click="showAuthCode = !showAuthCode"
+                  >
+                    <AppIcon :name="showAuthCode ? 'eye-slash' : 'eye'" size="sm" />
+                  </button>
+                </div>
+              </template>
             </label>
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -99,18 +111,41 @@
       </section>
       <section class="c-panel m-panel--right">
         <div class="c-panel__header">
-          <span class="c-panel__title">标签预览</span>
+          <span class="c-panel__title">{{ t('distributeConfig.templatePreview') }}</span>
           <div class="c-nav-group">
             <button type="button" class="c-button-cs" @click="pickTemplate">
-              添加标签
+              {{ t('distributeConfig.addLabel') }}
+            </button>
+            <button
+              v-if="formStore.templateFile"
+              type="button"
+              class="c-button-cs"
+              @click="removeTemplate"
+            >
+              {{ t('distributeConfig.removeLabel') }}
             </button>
           </div>
         </div>
-        <div v-if="hasTemplatePreview && hasDoubleSide" class="m-print-side-picker">
-          <label class="m-print-side-option">
-            <input v-model="formStore.printFlag" type="radio" :value="1" />
-            <span>双面</span>
-          </label>
+        <div v-if="templatePreviewLoaded && hasDoubleSide" class="m-print-side-picker">
+          <template v-if="isSingleSidePrinter">
+            <label class="m-print-side-option">
+              <input v-model="formStore.printFlag" type="radio" :value="2" />
+              <span>{{ t('distributeConfig.frontSide') }}</span>
+            </label>
+            <label class="m-print-side-option">
+              <input v-model="formStore.printFlag" type="radio" :value="3" />
+              <span>{{ t('distributeConfig.backSide') }}</span>
+            </label>
+            <span v-if="!sidePicked" class="m-print-side-hint">
+              {{ t('distributeConfig.singleSideHint') }}
+            </span>
+          </template>
+          <template v-else>
+            <label class="m-print-side-option">
+              <input v-model="formStore.printFlag" type="radio" :value="1" />
+              <span>{{ t('distributeConfig.doubleSide') }}</span>
+            </label>
+          </template>
         </div>
         <div class="c-preview-area">
           <div
@@ -155,7 +190,7 @@
                   <span class="c-path-cell__text" :title="row.value">{{
                     imageFieldLabel(row.value)
                   }}</span>
-                  <button type="button" class="c-field-pick" @click="pickFieldImage(idx)">选择</button>
+                  <button type="button" class="c-field-pick" @click="pickFieldImage(idx)">{{ t('common.select') }}</button>
                 </td>
                 <td v-else-if="isTextField(row)">
                   <input
@@ -185,7 +220,8 @@
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { computed, ref } from 'vue'
+import { computed, ref, watch } from 'vue'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
 import { cleanPathPattern } from '@shared/path-pattern'
 import { extractDriveLetter } from '@shared/network-host'
@@ -197,11 +233,12 @@ import NavButton from '@/components/NavButton.vue'
 import AppIcon from '@/components/AppIcon.vue'
 import AppSelect from '@/components/AppSelect.vue'
 import NetworkPathDialog from '@/components/NetworkPathDialog.vue'
-import { COPY_TYPE_OPTIONS, FORMAT_TYPE_OPTIONS } from '@/constants/selectOptions'
+import { copyTypeOptions, formatTypeOptions } from '@/constants/selectOptions'
 import { CARD_CAPACITY_BYTES, CARD_CAPACITY_GB } from '@/constants/cardCapacity'
 import { useDistributeFormStore } from '@/stores/distributeForm'
 import { useJobStore } from '@/stores/job'
 import { useAppStore } from '@/stores/app'
+import { useConfigStore } from '@/stores/config'
 import { useNetworkAuthStore } from '@/stores/networkAuth'
 import { useDongleAuthStore } from '@/stores/dongleAuth'
 import { validateJobPreflight } from '@/utils/validateJobPreflight'
@@ -219,15 +256,29 @@ import {
 } from '@/api/cardsoon'
 
 const router = useRouter()
+const { t } = useI18n()
 const formStore = useDistributeFormStore()
 const jobStore = useJobStore()
 const appStore = useAppStore()
+const configStore = useConfigStore()
 const netStore = useNetworkAuthStore()
 const dongleStore = useDongleAuthStore()
 
 const networkDialogVisible = ref(false)
 const networkDialogHost = ref('')
 const networkDialogShare = ref('')
+const showAuthCode = ref(false)
+
+// 单面打印机检测到后，重置 printFlag（避免默认双面）
+watch(
+  () => configStore.printer.isSingleSide,
+  (isSingle) => {
+    if (isSingle && formStore.printFlag === 1) {
+      const flag = formStore.templatePreview?.templateFlag ?? 1
+      formStore.printFlag = defaultPrintFlagForTemplate(flag, true)
+    }
+  }
+)
 
 let dongleAuthPersistTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null
 
@@ -256,13 +307,26 @@ const templateFlag = computed(() => formStore.templatePreview?.templateFlag ?? 0
 
 const hasDoubleSide = computed(() => templateFlag.value === 1)
 
+const isSingleSidePrinter = computed(() => configStore.printer.isSingleSide)
+
+/** 模板已加载（无论有无可编辑字段），用于选面区显示 */
+const templatePreviewLoaded = computed(() => !!formStore.templatePreview)
+
+/** 单面打印机 + 双面模板时，必须显式选择正面或背面 */
+const sidePicked = computed(
+  () => formStore.printFlag === 2 || formStore.printFlag === 3
+)
+
+const copyTypeItems = computed(() => copyTypeOptions(t))
+const formatTypeItems = computed(() => formatTypeOptions(t))
+
 const canPickFront = computed(() => templateFlag.value !== 3)
 
 const canPickBack = computed(() => templateFlag.value !== 2)
 
 const loadProgressText = computed(() => {
   const loadedGb = formatBytesAsGb(totalLoadedBytes.value)
-  return `已加载: ${loadedGb} GB / ${CARD_CAPACITY_GB} GB (${loadPercent.value}%)`
+  return t('distributeConfig.loadProgress', { loaded: loadedGb, total: CARD_CAPACITY_GB, percent: loadPercent.value })
 })
 
 function isTextField(row: TemplateFieldRow): boolean {
@@ -280,7 +344,9 @@ function imageFieldLabel(value: string): string {
   return parts[parts.length - 1] || v
 }
 
-function defaultPrintFlagForTemplate(flag: number): number {
+function defaultPrintFlagForTemplate(flag: number, isSingleSide: boolean): number {
+  // 单面打印机 + 双面模板：不默认，强制用户选择打印面（0=未选择）
+  if (isSingleSide && flag === 1) return 0
   if (flag === 1 || flag === 2 || flag === 3) return flag
   return 2
 }
@@ -308,7 +374,14 @@ async function pickFieldImage(idx: number): Promise<void> {
 
 function onClear(): void {
   formStore.reset()
-  notify.info('已清空，已恢复初始状态')
+  notify.info(t('distributeConfig.cleared'))
+}
+
+function removeTemplate(): void {
+  formStore.templateFile = ''
+  formStore.templatePreview = null
+  formStore.printFlag = 1
+  notify.info(t('distributeConfig.templateRemoved'))
 }
 
 const dongleInputValue = computed(() =>
@@ -346,7 +419,7 @@ function onDongleAuthInput(): void {
 async function addPath(): Promise<void> {
   const r = await dialogOpenDirectory()
   if (!r.ok) {
-    notify.error(r.message || '打开目录选择失败')
+    notify.error(r.message || t('notify.pathOpenFailed'))
     return
   }
   if (!r.data?.paths.length) return
@@ -354,7 +427,7 @@ async function addPath(): Promise<void> {
     const idx = formStore.pathList.length
     formStore.pathList.push({
       path: `${dir}\\*.*`,
-      meta: '计算中…',
+      meta: t('distributeConfig.calculating'),
       sizeBytes: 0
     })
     await refreshPathSize(idx, dir)
@@ -428,13 +501,16 @@ async function pickTemplate(): Promise<void> {
   }
   formStore.templateFile = soonPath
   formStore.templatePreview = parsed.data
-  formStore.printFlag = defaultPrintFlagForTemplate(parsed.data.templateFlag)
+  formStore.printFlag = defaultPrintFlagForTemplate(
+    parsed.data.templateFlag,
+    isSingleSidePrinter.value
+  )
   const { fields, frontImageUrl, backImageUrl } = parsed.data
   if (!fields.length && !frontImageUrl && !backImageUrl) {
-    notify.warning('模板已打开，但未解析到可预览内容')
+    notify.warning(t('distributeConfig.templateNoPreview'))
     return
   }
-  notify.success('已加载标签模板')
+  notify.success(t('distributeConfig.templateLoaded'))
 }
 
 async function onSubmit(): Promise<void> {
@@ -453,6 +529,8 @@ async function onSubmit(): Promise<void> {
     return
   }
   jobStore.submitting = true
+  // 新任务开始前重置次数计数器（不重置 jobId/lastJobJson，避免影响并发逻辑）
+  jobStore.resetCounts()
   try {
     const created = await createDistributeJob(formStore)
     if (!created.ok) {
@@ -468,7 +546,7 @@ async function onSubmit(): Promise<void> {
       await dllJobCancel(newJobId)
       jobStore.clearActiveJob()
       appStore.setMode('ready')
-      notify.error('无法进入运行页，已取消任务')
+      notify.error(t('notify.cannotEnterRunning'))
     }
   } finally {
     jobStore.submitting = false
@@ -500,6 +578,11 @@ async function onSubmit(): Promise<void> {
   cursor: pointer;
 }
 
+.m-print-side-hint {
+  color: #e6a23c;
+  font-weight: 500;
+}
+
 .c-card-small--slot {
   display: flex;
   align-items: center;

app/src/renderer/src/views/DistributeRunningView.vue

@@ -2,29 +2,26 @@
   <AppShell>
     <AppHeader :mode="headerMode">
       <div v-if="phase === 'failed'" class="c-nav-group">
-        <NavButton icon="arrow-left" label="返回" @click="onFailedBack" />
-        <NavButton icon="redo" label="重置" variant="primary" @click="onFailedReset" />
+        <NavButton icon="arrow-left" :label="t('common.back')" @click="onFailedBack" />
+        <NavButton icon="redo" :label="t('common.reset')" variant="primary" @click="onFailedReset" />
       </div>
       <NavButton
         v-else-if="phase === 'completed'"
         icon="home"
-        label="返回"
+        :label="t('common.back')"
         @click="onReturn"
       />
-      <NavButton v-else icon="stop" label="停止" variant="stop" @click="onStop" />
+      <NavButton v-else icon="stop" :label="t('common.stop')" variant="stop" @click="onStop" />
     </AppHeader>
     <main class="app-shell__main l-main-full">
       <section class="l-hero-container">
         <div class="m-left-panel">
           <div class="c-status-panel">
             <template v-if="phase === 'failed'">
-              <h2 class="c-status-title is-error">任务失败</h2>
+              <h2 class="c-status-title is-error">{{ t('running.taskFailed') }}</h2>
               <p class="c-status-sub">{{ failedSub }}</p>
               <p class="c-status-counter">
-                任务已经完成<span class="ok">{{ successCount }}</span>次，其中失败次数是<span
-                  class="err"
-                  >{{ failCount }}</span
-                >。
+                {{ t('running.progressCounter', { success: successCount, fail: failCount }) }}
               </p>
               <p v-if="failureErrorText" class="m-error-detail">{{ failureErrorText }}</p>
             </template>
@@ -34,10 +31,7 @@
               </h2>
               <p class="c-status-sub">{{ statusSub }}</p>
               <p class="c-status-counter">
-                任务已经完成<span class="ok">{{ successCount }}</span>次，其中失败次数是<span
-                  class="err"
-                  >{{ failCount }}</span
-                >。
+                {{ t('running.progressCounter', { success: successCount, fail: failCount }) }}
               </p>
             </template>
           </div>
@@ -81,6 +75,7 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed, onMounted, onUnmounted, ref } from 'vue'
 import { useRoute, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { notify } from '@/composables/useNotify'
 import { refreshLiveStatus } from '@/composables/usePrinterStatus'
 import AppShell from '@/layouts/AppShell.vue'
@@ -120,15 +115,21 @@ import type { CardPositionPollPayload, JobPollPayload, UsbPollPayload } from '@/
 
 const CIRCLE_LEN = 283
 
+/** 等待进卡/读 U 盘超过该时长仍无进展，给出可操作提示（每个等待回合提示一次） */
+const WAIT_WARN_MS = 45000
+/** 看门狗检查间隔 */
+const WAIT_WATCHDOG_MS = 5000
+
 const route = useRoute()
 const router = useRouter()
+const { t } = useI18n()
 const jobStore = useJobStore()
 const collectStore = useCollectStore()
 const formStore = useDistributeFormStore()
 const appStore = useAppStore()
 
 const isCollect = computed(() => route.name === 'collect-running')
-const headerMode = computed(() => (isCollect.value ? '数据收集模式' : '数据分发模式'))
+const headerMode = computed(() => (isCollect.value ? t('header.modeCollect') : t('header.modeDistribute')))
 const successCount = computed(() =>
   isCollect.value ? collectStore.successCount : jobStore.successCount
 )
@@ -151,35 +152,38 @@ let lastCardPosition = -1
 let usbAwaitNewCycle = false
 let queryFailStreak = 0
 let usbQueryFailStreak = 0
+let waitSince = 0
+let waitWarned = false
+let waitWatchdog: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null
 
 const displayProgress = computed(() => Math.round(progress.value))
 
 const failedSub = computed(() =>
   isCollect.value
-    ? '请检查读卡器与卡片，插入备卡位可自动重试'
-    : '请检查设备故障，插入备卡位可自动重试'
+    ? t('running.failedSubCollect')
+    : t('running.failedSubDistribute')
 )
 
 const statusTitle = computed(() => {
   if (phase.value === 'completed') {
-    return isCollect.value ? '收集已完成' : '任务已完成'
+    return isCollect.value ? t('running.collectCompleted') : t('running.taskCompleted')
   }
   if (isCollect.value) {
-    return collectHint.value || '数据收集中'
+    return collectHint.value || t('running.dataCollecting')
   }
-  return waitCard.value ? '等待插卡' : '任务执行中'
+  return waitCard.value ? t('running.waitingCard') : t('running.taskRunning')
 })
 
 const statusSub = computed(() => {
   if (phase.value === 'completed') {
     return isCollect.value
-      ? '请点击返回，或插入备卡位继续下一张'
-      : '请点击返回，或插入备卡位自动开始下一张'
+      ? t('running.completedSubCollect')
+      : t('running.completedSubDistribute')
   }
   if (isCollect.value) {
-    return collectHint.value || '正在从卡片读取并写入导入目录'
+    return collectHint.value || t('running.collectingHint')
   }
-  return waitCard.value ? '请插入数据卡，任务将自动执行' : '任务执行中，请稍候'
+  return waitCard.value ? t('running.waitCardHint') : t('running.runningHint')
 })
 
 function setProgress(value: number): void {
@@ -197,6 +201,41 @@ function clearPollListeners(): void {
   unsubCard = null
 }
 
+/** 进入"等待进卡/读 U 盘"回合（已在等待中则不重复计时） */
+function markWaiting(): void {
+  if (waitSince === 0) {
+    waitSince = Date.now()
+    waitWarned = false
+  }
+}
+
+/** 离开等待状态（进卡成功 / 任务结束 / 重新提交） */
+function clearWaiting(): void {
+  waitSince = 0
+  waitWarned = false
+}
+
+function stopWaitWatchdog(): void {
+  if (waitWatchdog) {
+    clearInterval(waitWatchdog)
+    waitWatchdog = null
+  }
+  clearWaiting()
+}
+
+function startWaitWatchdog(): void {
+  stopWaitWatchdog()
+  waitWatchdog = setInterval(() => {
+    if (phase.value !== 'running' || waitSince === 0 || waitWarned) return
+    if (Date.now() - waitSince < WAIT_WARN_MS) return
+    waitWarned = true
+    // 等待过久无进展：收集多为 U 盘数据线/卡片方向问题，分发多为卡片未到位/夹卡
+    notify.warning(
+      isCollect.value ? t('notify.waitTimeoutCollect') : t('notify.waitTimeoutDistribute')
+    )
+  }, WAIT_WATCHDOG_MS)
+}
+
 async function releasePolls(resetMode: boolean): Promise<void> {
   clearPollListeners()
   await pollCardPositionStop()
@@ -229,11 +268,12 @@ async function startCardPositionWatch(
   )
   const cardStarted = await pollCardPositionStart(sessionMode)
   if (!cardStarted.ok) {
-    notify.warning(cardStarted.message || '无法监控卡位，请手动点击返回或重新提交')
+    notify.warning(cardStarted.message || t('notify.pollMonitorFailed'))
   }
 }
 
 async function enterWaitPhase(next: 'completed' | 'failed', errorText = ''): Promise<void> {
+  clearWaiting()
   if (phase.value !== next) {
     phase.value = next
     if (next === 'completed') {
@@ -306,7 +346,7 @@ async function resubmitTask(): Promise<void> {
     if (isCollect.value) {
       const dest = collectStore.destPath.trim()
       if (!dest) {
-        await backToWait('导入目录无效，无法继续')
+        await backToWait(t('notify.dirInvalid'))
         return
       }
       phase.value = 'running'
@@ -315,13 +355,15 @@ async function resubmitTask(): Promise<void> {
       collectHint.value = ''
       queryFailStreak = 0
       usbQueryFailStreak = 0
+      clearWaiting()
       const r = await dllUsbCopy(dest, collectStore.cardOutput, { resubmit: true })
       if (!r.ok) {
-        await backToWait(r.message || '重新提交收集任务失败')
+        await backToWait(r.message || t('notify.resubmitCollectFailed'))
         return
       }
       usbAwaitNewCycle = true
       collectHint.value = usbTaskStatusHint(USB_TASK_PREPARING)
+      markWaiting()
       unsubUsb = onUsbPollTick((payload) => applyUsbProgress(payload as UsbPollPayload))
       void refreshLiveStatus()
       return
@@ -340,6 +382,7 @@ async function resubmitTask(): Promise<void> {
     workflowStep.value = 1
     waitCard.value = false
     queryFailStreak = 0
+    clearWaiting()
     const created = await createDistributeJob(formStore, { resubmit: true })
     if (!created.ok) {
       await backToWait(created.message)
@@ -348,7 +391,7 @@ async function resubmitTask(): Promise<void> {
     jobStore.setActiveJob(created.jobId)
     const started = await pollJobStart(created.jobId)
     if (!started.ok) {
-      await backToWait(started.message || '启动任务轮询失败')
+      await backToWait(started.message || t('notify.pollStartFailed'))
       return
     }
     unsubJob = onJobPollTick((payload) => applyJobProgress(payload as JobPollPayload))
@@ -366,7 +409,7 @@ function applyJobProgress(p: JobPollPayload): void {
     queryFailStreak += 1
     if (queryFailStreak < 3) return
     jobStore.failCount += 1
-    void enterFailedPhase(`查询任务失败: ${p.queryErrorCode}`)
+    void enterFailedPhase(t('notify.queryJobFailed', { code: p.queryErrorCode }))
     return
   }
   queryFailStreak = 0
@@ -375,9 +418,12 @@ function applyJobProgress(p: JobPollPayload): void {
   const ui = mapJobStateToUi(p.jobState)
   workflowStep.value = ui.workflowStep
   waitCard.value = ui.hint === 'waitCard'
+  if (ui.hint === 'waitCard') markWaiting()
+  else clearWaiting()
   if (p.failed) {
     jobStore.failCount += 1
-    void enterFailedPhase()
+    // 优先使用主进程在失败当刻取到的错误串，避免事后取到通用文案
+    void enterFailedPhase(p.errorMessage || '')
     return
   }
   if (p.cancelled) {
@@ -397,7 +443,7 @@ function applyUsbProgress(p: UsbPollPayload): void {
     usbQueryFailStreak += 1
     if (usbQueryFailStreak < 3) return
     collectStore.failCount += 1
-    void enterFailedPhase(`查询 USB 任务失败: ${p.queryCode}`)
+    void enterFailedPhase(t('notify.queryUsbFailed', { code: p.queryCode }))
     return
   }
   usbQueryFailStreak = 0
@@ -415,7 +461,7 @@ function applyUsbProgress(p: UsbPollPayload): void {
     collectStore.successCount += 1
     workflowStep.value = 3
     collectHint.value = usbTaskStatusHint(p.taskStatus)
-    notify.success('USB 收集完成')
+    notify.success(t('notify.usbCollectComplete'))
     void enterCompletedPhase()
     return
   }
@@ -423,6 +469,9 @@ function applyUsbProgress(p: UsbPollPayload): void {
   const copyProgress = clampUsbCopyProgress(p.progress)
   workflowStep.value = p.taskStatus === USB_TASK_COPYING ? 2 : 1
   collectHint.value = usbTaskStatusHint(p.taskStatus)
+  // PREPARING（等待插卡/读 U 盘）开始计时；进入 COPYING 等后续阶段后清除
+  if (p.taskStatus === USB_TASK_PREPARING) markWaiting()
+  else clearWaiting()
   setProgress(copyProgress)
 }
 
@@ -438,7 +487,7 @@ async function finishDistribute(
   if (id && !skipCancel) {
     const r = await dllJobCancel(id)
     if (!r.ok) {
-      notify.warning(r.message || '取消任务时出现问题')
+      notify.warning(r.message || t('notify.cancelIssue'))
     }
   }
   jobStore.clearActiveJob()
@@ -463,6 +512,8 @@ onMounted(async () => {
     workflowStep.value = 1
     setProgress(0)
     collectHint.value = usbTaskStatusHint(USB_TASK_PREPARING)
+    startWaitWatchdog()
+    markWaiting()
     unsubUsb = onUsbPollTick((payload) => applyUsbProgress(payload as UsbPollPayload))
     void refreshLiveStatus()
     return
@@ -474,9 +525,11 @@ onMounted(async () => {
   }
   appStore.setMode('distributing')
   setProgress(0)
+  clearWaiting()
+  startWaitWatchdog()
   const started = await pollJobStart(jobStore.jobId)
   if (!started.ok) {
-    notify.error(started.message || '启动任务轮询失败')
+    notify.error(started.message || t('notify.pollStartFailed'))
     await finishDistribute(false)
     return
   }
@@ -485,6 +538,7 @@ onMounted(async () => {
 })
 
 onUnmounted(() => {
+  stopWaitWatchdog()
   if (finishing || phase.value !== 'running') return
   void releasePolls(true)
   if (isCollect.value && appStore.mode === 'usbCopying') {
@@ -541,11 +595,12 @@ async function onStop(): Promise<void> {
 
 <style scoped>
 .m-error-detail {
-  margin-top: 6px;
-  font-size: 10px;
+  margin-top: 8px;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  line-height: 1.5;
   color: #dc3545;
   font-weight: 600;
-  max-width: 320px;
+  max-width: 340px;
   word-break: break-all;
 }
 

app/src/renderer/src/views/HomeView.vue

@@ -1,35 +1,61 @@
 <template>
   <AppShell>
-    <AppHeader mode="卡树数据卡打印机软件" />
+    <AppHeader :mode="t('header.modeHome')" />
     <main class="app-shell__main l-dashboard">
       <section class="m-tool-section">
-        <h3 class="m-section-title">工具</h3>
+        <h3 class="m-section-title">{{ t('home.toolsTitle') }}</h3>
         <div class="m-tool-grid">
           <button type="button" class="m-tool-btn" @click="onReset">
             <AppIcon name="redo" />
-            <span>重置打印机</span>
+            <span>{{ t('common.resetPrinter') }}</span>
           </button>
-          <button type="button" class="m-tool-btn" @click="onReject">
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            class="m-tool-btn"
+            :disabled="!configStore.rejectApiAvailable"
+            :title="configStore.rejectApiAvailable ? t('common.discardCard') : t('notify.rejectUnavailable')"
+            @click="onReject"
+          >
             <AppIcon name="trash" />
-            <span>废弃卡片</span>
+            <span>{{ t('common.discardCard') }}</span>
           </button>
+          <div class="m-tool-versus">
+            <button
+              type="button"
+              class="m-versus-half m-versus-half--read"
+              :title="t('home.readCard')"
+              @click="onReadCard"
+            >
+              <AppIcon name="id-card" size="sm" />
+              <span>{{ t('home.readCard') }}</span>
+            </button>
+            <button
+              type="button"
+              class="m-versus-half m-versus-half--eject"
+              :title="t('home.ejectCard')"
+              @click="onEjectCard"
+            >
+              <span>{{ t('home.ejectCard') }}</span>
+              <AppIcon name="eject" size="sm" />
+            </button>
+          </div>
           <button type="button" class="m-tool-btn" @click="onTemplate">
             <AppIcon name="paint-brush" />
-            <span>模板设计</span>
+            <span>{{ t('common.templateDesign') }}</span>
           </button>
         </div>
       </section>
       <div class="m-divider" />
       <section class="m-task-section">
-        <h3 class="m-section-title">任务</h3>
+        <h3 class="m-section-title">{{ t('home.tasksTitle') }}</h3>
         <div class="m-task-grid">
           <button type="button" class="m-task-card" @click="goDistribute">
             <div class="m-task-icon">
               <AppIcon name="share" />
             </div>
             <div class="m-task-info">
-              <h4>数据分发</h4>
-              <p>分发数据到打印卡片</p>
+              <h4>{{ t('home.dataDistribute') }}</h4>
+              <p>{{ t('home.dataDistributeDesc') }}</p>
             </div>
           </button>
           <button type="button" class="m-task-card" @click="goCollect">
@@ -37,8 +63,8 @@
               <AppIcon name="download" />
             </div>
             <div class="m-task-info">
-              <h4>数据收集</h4>
-              <p>从卡片收集导入数据</p>
+              <h4>{{ t('home.dataCollect') }}</h4>
+              <p>{{ t('home.dataCollectDesc') }}</p>
             </div>
           </button>
         </div>
@@ -50,6 +76,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed } from 'vue'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
 import { notify, notifyRequireInit } from '@/composables/useNotify'
 import { refreshLiveStatus } from '@/composables/usePrinterStatus'
@@ -59,8 +86,9 @@ import AppFooter from '@/components/AppFooter.vue'
 import AppIcon from '@/components/AppIcon.vue'
 import { useAppStore } from '@/stores/app'
 import { useConfigStore } from '@/stores/config'
-import { dllPrinterReject, dllPrinterReset, openDesignApp } from '@/api/cardsoon'
+import { dllPrinterEjectCard, dllPrinterReadCard, dllPrinterReject, dllPrinterReset, openDesignApp } from '@/api/cardsoon'
 
+const { t } = useI18n()
 const router = useRouter()
 const appStore = useAppStore()
 const configStore = useConfigStore()
@@ -73,43 +101,61 @@ function guardInit(action?: string): boolean {
 }
 
 async function onReset(): Promise<void> {
-  if (!guardInit('重置打印机')) return
+  if (!guardInit(t('common.resetPrinter'))) return
   const r = await dllPrinterReset()
   if (r.ok) {
-    notify.success('已发送重置指令')
+    notify.success(t('notify.resetSent'))
     await refreshLiveStatus()
-  } else notify.error(r.message || '重置失败')
+  } else notify.error(r.message || t('notify.resetFailed'))
 }
 
 async function onReject(): Promise<void> {
-  if (!guardInit('废弃卡片')) return
+  if (!guardInit(t('common.discardCard'))) return
   if (!configStore.rejectApiAvailable) {
-    notify.warning('当前环境不支持废卡接口')
+    notify.warning(t('notify.rejectUnavailable'))
     return
   }
   const r = await dllPrinterReject()
   if (r.ok) {
-    notify.success('已废弃卡片')
+    notify.success(t('notify.cardRejected'))
     await refreshLiveStatus()
-  } else notify.error(r.message || '操作失败')
+  } else notify.error(r.message || t('notify.operationFailed'))
+}
+
+async function onReadCard(): Promise<void> {
+  if (!guardInit(t('home.readCard'))) return
+  const r = await dllPrinterReadCard()
+  if (r.ok) {
+    notify.success(t('notify.readCardSent'))
+    await refreshLiveStatus()
+  } else notify.error(r.message || t('notify.readCardFailed'))
+}
+
+async function onEjectCard(): Promise<void> {
+  if (!guardInit(t('home.ejectCard'))) return
+  const r = await dllPrinterEjectCard()
+  if (r.ok) {
+    notify.success(t('notify.ejectCardSent'))
+    await refreshLiveStatus()
+  } else notify.error(r.message || t('notify.ejectCardFailed'))
 }
 
 async function onTemplate(): Promise<void> {
   const r = await openDesignApp()
   if (!r.ok) {
-    notify.error(r.message || '打开设计软件失败，请检查 cardsoon.config.json')
+    notify.warning(r.message || t('notify.designCancelled'))
     return
   }
-  notify.success('已启动设计软件')
+  notify.success(t('notify.designStarted'))
 }
 
 function guardBusy(): boolean {
   if (appStore.mode === 'distributing') {
-    notify.warning('请先停止数据分发任务')
+    notify.warning(t('notify.stopDistribute'))
     return false
   }
   if (appStore.mode === 'usbCopying') {
-    notify.warning('USB 收集进行中，请等待完成')
+    notify.warning(t('notify.usbCollecting'))
     return false
   }
   return true

app/src/shared/printer-info.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,19 @@ export interface PrinterStatusSnapshot {
   ribbonAmount: string
   statusText: string
   serialNo: string
+  /** 打印机型号/名称（如 TH80），用于判断单/双面能力 */
+  printerName: string
+  /** 是否为单面打印机（如 TH80），单面打印机不能选"双面"打印 */
+  isSingleSide: boolean
+}
+
+/** 已知单面打印机型号关键字（命中即视为单面） */
+const SINGLE_SIDE_PRINTER_PATTERNS = ['TH80']
+
+function detectSingleSide(printerName: string): boolean {
+  const s = (printerName || '').trim().toUpperCase()
+  if (!s) return false
+  return SINGLE_SIDE_PRINTER_PATTERNS.some((p) => s.includes(p.toUpperCase()))
 }
 
 const PRINTER_STATUS_MAP: Record<string, string> = {
@@ -57,17 +70,27 @@ function snapshotFromRecord(row: Record<string, unknown>): PrinterStatusSnapshot
     'SerialNo',
     'serialNo',
     'szPrinterSerial',
-    'PrinterSerial',
-    'PrinterName'
+    'PrinterSerial'
+  ])
+  const printerName = pickFirst(row, [
+    'PrinterName',
+    'printer_name',
+    'PrinterModel',
+    'model',
+    'szPrinterName',
+    'szPrinterModel'
   ])
   const ribbonType = pickFirst(row, ['ribbon_type', 'RibbonType'])
   const ribbonAmount = pickFirst(row, ['RibbonAmount', 'ribbon_amount'])
+  const nameStr = String(printerName ?? '—')
 
   return {
     ribbonType: String(ribbonType ?? '—'),
     ribbonAmount: String(ribbonAmount ?? '—'),
     statusText: '—',
-    serialNo: String(serial ?? '—')
+    serialNo: String(serial ?? printerName ?? '—'),
+    printerName: nameStr,
+    isSingleSide: detectSingleSide(nameStr)
   }
 }